Quiz 5

Question 1

What are the two types of social capital?

Answer 1

Individual and collective

Question 2

How does loneliness impact health?

Answer 2

Negatively impacts health

Question 3

What is women’s fight or flight?

Answer 3

tend an befriend: the stress buffering hypothesis

Question 4

What is the stress-buffering hypothesis?

Answer 4

social support positively influences health/well-being by protecting people from the effects of stressors

Question 5

What is the expanded perspective on medical care?

Answer 5

Medical care causes direct outcomes for the patients and collateral outcomes for their social contacts

Question 6

What is deviance?

Answer 6

Any behavior/ attribute that is socially challenged because it departs from norms (formal and informal)

Question 7

What is formal deviance?

Answer 7

breaking laws

Question 8

When does deviance vary?

Answer 8

across culture,time, group, situation, with varying social characteristics

Question 9

What is social control?

Answer 9

methods used to get people to comply with norms (formal/informal)

Question 10

What are thw two types of justice?

Answer 10

punitive and rehabilitative

Question 11

What are two discredited theories on deviance and crime?

Answer 11

biological and psychological: personality disorder

Deviance depends on the social context and social institutions

Question 12

What is the functionalist perspective on crime?

Answer 12

• Deviance depends on how well society provides the institutionalized means to achieve cultural goals
  Merton
• Strain theory

Question 13

What are some functions of deviance?

Answer 13

boundary maintenance, encourages social change

Question 14

What are the four aspects of strain theory?

Answer 14

Conformity, Innovation, Ritualism, Retreatism, Rebellion

Question 15

How does conflict theory view deviance?

Answer 15

Laws are tools used by powerful to maintain own

privilege

Question 16

What is an interactionist/ constructionist view of crime?

Answer 16

Deviance is socially constructed through interaction
between people or groups
Labeling theory, broken window theory

Question 17

What is the labelling theory?

Answer 17

-Deviance only becomes such by labeling
-The label is adopted by exhibiting the behaviors,
actions, and attitudes associated with the label

Question 18

What is a stigma?

Answer 18

Any personal characteristic associated with social

disgrace, rejection, or discrediting

Question 19

What is the broken window theory?

Answer 19

• How social context and social cues affect the way
  individuals act
• People who wouldn’t exhibit a certain behavior in
  one social context might do so in another context
  where the behavior seems more permissible

Question 20

What is rational choice?

Answer 20

• deterrence theory
• emphasize personal responsibility
• people engage in a cost benefit analysis of their behavior

Question 21

What is crime?

Answer 21

deviance that breaks the law and is punished by formal sanctions

Question 22

Why is it difficult to measure crime rates over time?

Answer 22

• changes in how crimes are defined
• fluctuations in crime reports
• improvements in medical technology

Question 23

What is recidivism?

Answer 23

when a person who has been involved in the criminal justice system reverts to criminal behavior

Question 24

What Accounts for a Higher Arrest Rate among African Americans?

Answer 24

• Family patterns: More black families deal with single-parenting, which might lead to more poverty and crime
• “War on Drugs”
• Racial bias