Quiz 3 Flashcards
Who socializes us?
agents of socialization
What are the types of agents of socialization?
primary groups and institutions
What is the major difference between how middle and lower/working class parents socialize their children according to Annette Lareau?
- Middle class parents see their children as a project and get them involved in lots of afterschool activities - this sometimes creates a sense of entitlement
- Lower/working class parents gave children directions but ultimately depended on others to socialize their children
How do families socialize their children differently based on gender?
- first 24 hours after birth
- parents reactions by gender
- parents style of paly
- toys clothes
Other than family what is another primary group of socialization?
- peer groups
How can peer groups be divided?
toddlers vs adolescence
Describe peer groups as toddlers.
- learn to share and interact with equals
- often same-sec peer groups by age 3
Describe peer groups in adolecense.
- mixed-sex peer groups emerge
- practice social relationships, roles
- discuss taboo topics
- experience peer pressure
How does school socialize us?
- provides cultural values that we dont learn at home
- competitiveness
- status hierarchies
- gender appropriate behavipr
How does media socialize us and what are some examples?
- creates value sin society
- ideal body type
- racial and ethnic stereotypes
- acceptable behaviors
What is resocialization?
The process of discarding values and behaviors unsuited to a new circumstance and replacing them with new, more appropriate values and norms
What are some examples of situations where resocialization must occur?
- prison
- moving to a new country
- getting a new job
- entering or returning from military
What is social interactions
how we mutually and
reciprocally shape each other’s behavior
What is a status set?
- all statuses held at a given time
- woman, boss, asian, dancer, athelete, daughter
What are the two types of statuses?
ascribed and achieves
What are examples of ascribed statuses?
- a result of birth, can change easily, if at all
- race, age, sex, class, nationality
What are examples of achieved stauses?
- statuses that you have some control over
- felon, lawyer, married person, boy scout
How are ascribed and achieve statuses confusing?
- Some statuses are hard to categorize (religion)
- Links between ascribed and achieved status: Ascribed status can help people achieve other statuses
What is a master status?
- status which has exceptional importance in defining a person
- our behavior is often judged by others based on our master status
What is a study that illuminated master status?
- white vs black felons
- white felons more likely to get a call back than black non- felons
Describe higher status interactants (socially)
- Talk more; interrupt more
- Influence outcome of interaction
- Are assumed to be correct
- Mistakes are viewed as atypical
Describe lower status interactants (socially)
- Add modifiers to statements
- Are more likely to defer
- Statements are challenged more
- Mistakes are viewed as typical
What are roles?
- socially defined expectations that accompany statuses
- we occupy statuses, while we play roles
What is role strain?
- Incompatibility among roles corresponding to a single status
- manager who balances (1) concern for workers
with (2) task requirements - both functions associated with the same status but hard to do at the same time
What is role conflict?
- Incompatibility among roles corresponding to different statuses
- mother police officer
What is role exit?
when people disengage social roles that have been central to their self-identity in order
to establish a new role and identity
What is the goal of ethnomethodology/ what is it?
- Developed by Harold Garfinkel
- Uncover hidden, taken-for-granted rules in every
interaction - Method to illuminate what is taken for granted
What is dramaturgy?
- The study of social interaction as theater
- Developed by Erving Goffman
- Life is a stage
- Each event has its own scenery, costumes, props, roles, and scripts
- Each “scene” is separated by symbolic curtain
What is impression management?
- Acting a certain way to create an image (accurate
or not): presentation of self - Give vs. give off
- Might not even do that in a calculated way or be
conscious of it
What is give vs give off?
give- verbal, intentional
give off- gestures, facial expressions
What are social groups?
Social groups: building blocks for society and for most social interaction
What did George Simmel decide determines a group?
- the size
- “Quntitative aspects of the group”
What is a dyad?
- Group of 2
- no majority
- never confronted by a collectivity
What is a triad?
- group of 3
- The simplest structure in which the group as a whole
can achieve domination over its component
members - A third member may mediate, rejoice, divide and conquer
What happens as group size increases?
- the number of possible relationships increases
- in a group of three, three possible relationships exist,
but in a group of four, six possible relationships
exist
What are small groups, parties, and large groups?
- Small groups: face to face interactions, unifocal, lack of formal arrangements/roles
- parties: multifocal
- large groups: formal structure that mediates interaction, status differentiation
What are the kinds of groups?
- primary vs secondary
- in groups vs out groups
- reference groups
What is group think?
- The tendency of group members to conform, resulting in a narrow view of some issue
- Illusion of unanimity; discouragement of dissenting
opinion
What are the two components of social network data?
actors and relations
How can relations be presented?
- directed or undirected
- binary or valued
What is social cohesion determined by?
- networks are structurally cohesive if they remain connected even when nodes are removed
What is embeddedness?
- the degree to which ties are reinforced through indirect paths
What does Granovetter aregue about the strength of ties?
- Granovetter argues that, under many circumstances, strong ties are less useful than weak ties
- The mechanism is diffusion of
information/opportunity through non-redundant ties
What is a structural hole?
- a grap between network clusters that would benefit from having the gap closed
- your ties matter because of who your contacts are connected to (mother to friend)
