Quiz 4: GB

Question 0

One of the principal forms of chronic rejection of a transplanted liver allograft

Answer 0

acquired biliary atresia

Question 1

Common bile duct between the liver and the SI is blocked or absent.

Answer 1

Congenital biliary atresia

Question 2

congenital cystic dilations of the bile ducts

Answer 2

Choledochal cyst

Question 3

Most feared complication of choledochal cysts

Answer 3

cholangiocarcinoma

Question 4

A crystalline mass formed within the gallbladder by accretion of bile components

Answer 4

Cholelithiasis

Question 5

Where are gallstones formed?

Answer 5

gallbladder

Question 6

Where are gallstones likely to pass to?

Answer 6

cystic duct, common bile duct, pancreatic duct, ampulla of Vater

Question 7

What inhibits cholesterol secretion, enhances conversion of cholesterol to bile, and is an antioxidant that reduces oxidative stress on the gallbladder

Answer 7

melatonin

Question 8

If gallstones migrate into the ducts of the biliary tract

Answer 8

choledocholithiasis

Question 9

infection of the bile duct usu caused by bacteria ascending from its junction with the duodenum

Answer 9

ascending cholangitis

Question 10

what are the 3 common findings in cholangitis?

Answer 10

Charcot’s triad: abd. pain, jaundice, fever

Question 11

Charcot’s triad w/ mental confusion and septic shock

Answer 11

Reynolds’ pentad

Question 12

secondary to extrahepatic biliary obstruction

Answer 12

secondary sclerosing cholangitis

Question 13

Concentric peri-ductal fibrosis

Answer 13

Secondary sclerosing cholangitis

Question 14

What are the 3 types of gallstones?

Answer 14

Cholesterol, pigment stones, mixed

Question 15

stones that vary in color from light-yellow to dark-green or brown, oval, often have tiny dark central spot

Answer 15

cholesterol sones

Question 16

Must be at least 80% cholesterol by weight

Answer 16

cholesterol stones

Question 17

Develop when bile contains too much cholesterol and not enough bile salts

Answer 17

cholesterol stones

Question 18

small, dark stones made of bilirubin and calcium salts

Answer 18

Pigment stones

Question 19

Contain les than 20% cholesterol

Answer 19

pigment stones

Question 20

Typically contain 20-80% cholesterol

Answer 20

mixed gallstones

Question 21

Visible on plain x-ray if they have enough calcium

Answer 21

mixed stones, pigment stones

Question 22

Calcium carbonate, palmitate phosphate, bilirubin, and other bile pigments

Answer 22

Mixed gallstones

Question 23

Inflammatory condition characterized by retention of bile in the gb

Answer 23

cholecystitis

Question 24

most often caused by cholelithiasis

Answer 24

cholecystitis

Question 25

Can progress more rapidly to gangrene and sepsis

Answer 25

acalculous cholecystitis

Question 26

Extensive ulceration of the mucosa, hemorrhage, edema and a dense transmural infiltrate of neuts and mononuclear cells

Answer 26

cholecystitis

Question 27

gallbladder wall thickened and mucosal lining has lost all of its normal velvety, granular appearance.

Answer 27

chonic cholecystitis

Question 28

surface epithelium has lost its normal delicate papillary appearance with an inc in fibrous tissue and mild chronic inflammation in the lamina propria

Answer 28

chronic cholecystitis

Question 29

Rokitansky-Aschoff sinuses in the muscularis

Answer 29

chronic cholecystits

Question 30

Abnormal deposition of cholesterol and triglyceride filled macs in the lamina propria of the gallbladder

Answer 30

cholesterolosis

Question 31

often associated with chronic cholecystitis

Answer 31

cholesterolosis

Question 32

Distinctive bulge and lifting of the superficial epithelium overlying accumulating macs

Answer 32

cholesterolosis

Question 33

Diffuse mucosal involvement often referred to “strawberry gallbladder”

Answer 33

cholesterolosis

Question 34

Inflammatory scarring of the gallbladder wall combined with calcification within the wall

Answer 34

Porcelain gall bladder

Question 35

Most common gb carcinoma

Answer 35

Well differentiated adenocarcinomas

Question 36

Other forms of gb cancer

Answer 36

papillary form of adenocarcinoma, poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma, well differentiated adenocarcinoma w/squamous metaplasia