Final: Cancers Flashcards

0
Q

Most common tumor of the heart

A

Atrial myoxoma

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1
Q

Hypocellular myoxoid mass with polygonal or elongated cells. Mononuclear or multi nucleated. Finely vacuolated eosinophilic cytoplasms

A

Atrial myoxoma

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2
Q

Atrial myoxoma (benign/malignant)

A

benign (though can metastasize)

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3
Q

Most common primary pediatric tumor of the heart

A

Cardiac rhabdomyoma

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4
Q

Neoplasm with the greatest propensity to metastasize to the heart

A

Melanoma

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5
Q

Areas of mycardium with brown/black pigment

A

Metastasizing melanoma

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6
Q

tumors are of neural origin and arise from Schwann cells.

A

Granular cell tumor

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7
Q

Most common GI site for granular cell tumor

A

esophagus

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8
Q

two main forms of esophageal cancer

A

squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma

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9
Q

Esophageal … are similar to head and neck cancer in their appearance and association with tobacco and alcohol consumption.

A

squamous cell carcinoma

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10
Q

Esophageal …. are most often associated with a history of gastroesophageal reflux disease and Barrett’s esophagus

A

adenocarcinomas

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11
Q

….. cancer accounts for ~ 90 - 95% of all esophageal cancer worldwide, however in the U.S. ~ 50 - 80% of all esophageal cancer cases are …..

A

squamous cell / adenocarcinoma

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12
Q

Most common benign tumor of the esophagus

A

leiomyoma

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13
Q

one commonly finds gastricmucosa withinfiltration by neutrophils.

A

acute gastritis

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14
Q

Small curved to spiral rod-shaped bacterium is found in the surface epithelial mucus are seen here with a methylene blue stain.

A

H. pylori

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15
Q

… ulcers typically have smooth, regular, rounded edges with a flat, smooth base and radiating mucosal folds.

A

Benign

16
Q

… ulcers typically have irregular, heaped or overhanging margins often with an nodular and irregular mass that may be ulcerated which protrudes into the lumen of the stomach

A

malignant

17
Q

triad of gastric acid hypersecretion, severe peptic ulceration, and non-beta cell islet tumor of pancreas (gastrinoma).

A

Zollinger-Ellison

18
Q

In most cases of Zollinger-Ellison syndrome, a … is found in either the pancreas or in the duodenum.

A

gastrinoma

19
Q

The neoplastic glands of demonstrate mitoses, increased nuclear/cytoplasmic ratios and hyperchromatism

A

gastric adenocarcinoma

20
Q

rows of infiltrating neoplastic cells with marked pleomorphism are seen. Many of the neoplastic cells have clear vacuoles of mucin.

A

gastric adenocarcinoma

21
Q

are a class of neuro-endocrine neoplasms that arise from enterochromaffin cells.

A

carcinoid tumors

22
Q

Over two-thirds of are found in the gastrointestinal tract.

A

carcinoid tumors

23
Q

Increased risk for intestinal adenocarcinoma

A

ulcerative colitis

24
Q

Most common benign small bowel tumors

A

Hyperplastic polyps, adenomas, leiomyomas, lipomas, hamartomas

25
Q

elongated spindle cells containing cigar-shaped nuclei and no evidence of increased mitotic activity is seen.

A

leiomyoma

26
Q

the most common type of small bowel malignancy in the US.

A

adenocarcinoma

27
Q

Other malignancies of the small bowel include

A

carcinoid tumors, lymphomas or sarcoma aka gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs).

28
Q

have a typical endocrine appearance with collections of small round cells containing nuclei that are consistent in size and shape and surrounded by cytoplasm which stains pink to pale blue

A

nests of carcinoid tumor

29
Q

There is still a glandular configuration but the glands are irregular and very crowded. Many of them have lumens containing bluish mucin.

A

Adenocarcinoma of the colon

30
Q

At higher magnification, the neoplastic glands of adenocarcinoma have crowded nuclei with hyperchromatism and pleomorphism. No normal goblet cells are seen in this specimen.

A

Adenocarcinoma of the colon