Final: Cancers Flashcards
Most common tumor of the heart
Atrial myoxoma
Hypocellular myoxoid mass with polygonal or elongated cells. Mononuclear or multi nucleated. Finely vacuolated eosinophilic cytoplasms
Atrial myoxoma
Atrial myoxoma (benign/malignant)
benign (though can metastasize)
Most common primary pediatric tumor of the heart
Cardiac rhabdomyoma
Neoplasm with the greatest propensity to metastasize to the heart
Melanoma
Areas of mycardium with brown/black pigment
Metastasizing melanoma
tumors are of neural origin and arise from Schwann cells.
Granular cell tumor
Most common GI site for granular cell tumor
esophagus
two main forms of esophageal cancer
squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma
Esophageal … are similar to head and neck cancer in their appearance and association with tobacco and alcohol consumption.
squamous cell carcinoma
Esophageal …. are most often associated with a history of gastroesophageal reflux disease and Barrett’s esophagus
adenocarcinomas
….. cancer accounts for ~ 90 - 95% of all esophageal cancer worldwide, however in the U.S. ~ 50 - 80% of all esophageal cancer cases are …..
squamous cell / adenocarcinoma
Most common benign tumor of the esophagus
leiomyoma
one commonly finds gastricmucosa withinfiltration by neutrophils.
acute gastritis
Small curved to spiral rod-shaped bacterium is found in the surface epithelial mucus are seen here with a methylene blue stain.
H. pylori
… ulcers typically have smooth, regular, rounded edges with a flat, smooth base and radiating mucosal folds.
Benign
… ulcers typically have irregular, heaped or overhanging margins often with an nodular and irregular mass that may be ulcerated which protrudes into the lumen of the stomach
malignant
triad of gastric acid hypersecretion, severe peptic ulceration, and non-beta cell islet tumor of pancreas (gastrinoma).
Zollinger-Ellison
In most cases of Zollinger-Ellison syndrome, a … is found in either the pancreas or in the duodenum.
gastrinoma
The neoplastic glands of demonstrate mitoses, increased nuclear/cytoplasmic ratios and hyperchromatism
gastric adenocarcinoma
rows of infiltrating neoplastic cells with marked pleomorphism are seen. Many of the neoplastic cells have clear vacuoles of mucin.
gastric adenocarcinoma
are a class of neuro-endocrine neoplasms that arise from enterochromaffin cells.
carcinoid tumors
Over two-thirds of are found in the gastrointestinal tract.
carcinoid tumors
Increased risk for intestinal adenocarcinoma
ulcerative colitis
Most common benign small bowel tumors
Hyperplastic polyps, adenomas, leiomyomas, lipomas, hamartomas
elongated spindle cells containing cigar-shaped nuclei and no evidence of increased mitotic activity is seen.
leiomyoma
the most common type of small bowel malignancy in the US.
adenocarcinoma
Other malignancies of the small bowel include
carcinoid tumors, lymphomas or sarcoma aka gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs).
have a typical endocrine appearance with collections of small round cells containing nuclei that are consistent in size and shape and surrounded by cytoplasm which stains pink to pale blue
nests of carcinoid tumor
There is still a glandular configuration but the glands are irregular and very crowded. Many of them have lumens containing bluish mucin.
Adenocarcinoma of the colon
At higher magnification, the neoplastic glands of adenocarcinoma have crowded nuclei with hyperchromatism and pleomorphism. No normal goblet cells are seen in this specimen.
Adenocarcinoma of the colon
