Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

DPTD 733 > Quiz 4: Endocrine System > Flashcards

Quiz 4: Endocrine System Flashcards

1
Q

What is the endocrine system?

A
  • A complex network of glands that produce and secrete hormones directly into the circulatory system (blood stream)
  • Hormones act as chemical messengers that regular a vast array of physiological functions, from metabolism and growth to mood and reproductive system
  • Operates in conjunction with nervous system
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Comparison between the endocrine and nervous system

A
  • The nervous system is quicker, but the endocrine system effects last longer
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Negative Feedback system

A
  • Most prevalent feedback mechanism
  • Once a particular process reaches its desired end, it sends a signal to halt or reduce the production of the initiating hormone
    Example: When blood glucose levels rise, the pancreas secrets insulin. As glucose is taken up by cells and blood glucose levels decline, insulin secretion diminishes.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Positive Feedback

A
  • Amplify initiating stimulus which is less common

Example: LH leading to ovulation in menstrual cycle.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Thyroid Axis (HPT)

A
  • Negative feedback loop that regulates metabolic rate, energy production, and overall growth
  • Hypothalamus Released TRH -> Signals Pituitary gland to release TSH -> Stimulates the thyroid gland to produce T3 and T4 -> Inhibits release of TRH and TSH creating a negative feedback loop.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Gonadal axis

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis

A

Regulates digestion, immune response, energy storage, and stress response

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Renin Angiotensin system

A

Regulates BP and fluid balance. When BP drops, the kidneys release renin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are synergistic Interactions

A
  • When two or more hormones producing a combined effect that is greater than their individual effect
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are Antagonistic Interactions?

A

When hormones counteract each other

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are permissive interactions?

A

A hormone facilitates the action of another hormone by creating an environment where the latter can exert its effects more effectively

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are Tropic hormones?

A
  • Primary function is to regulate the secretion of other hormones
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are Hormonal cascades?

A
  • Secretion of one hormone is the result of a series of hormonal interactions
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the hypothalamus?

A
  • Located in the brain, this gland controls many of the body’s hormonal functions by regulating pituitary gland.
  • links endocrine and nervous system to work in synergy.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the pituitary gland?

A

•” master gland”
-secretes hormones that influence other endocrine glands,
-roles in growth,

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the thyroid gland?

A

• Situated in the neck
- regulates metabolism, energy production and calcium balance.
- secretes T4 and T3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is the adrenal gland?

A

•positioned atop the kidneys
- produces cortisol and aldosterone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is the pancreas?

A

•vital for glucose regulation secreting insulin and glucagon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What are the gonads?

A
  • Testes in males
    -ovaries in females
    -responsible for sex hormones
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is the thymus?

A

Responsible for maturation of T lymphocytes

21
Q

What is the pineal gland?

A

Regulates sleep and circadian rhythm.

22
Q

Hormones that play a crucial role in bone metabolism

A

1) Parathyroid
2) Calcitonin
3) Growth Hormone

23
Q

Hormones that are crucial for muscle function and growth

A

1) Testosterone
2) Growth Hormone
3) Insulin

24
Q

Hormones responsible for energy and fatigue

A

1) Thyroid hormones

25
Q

Hormones responsible for stress and recovery

A

Cortisol, the body’s primary stress hormone, influences how our bodies recover from stress, including the physiological stress of exercise.

26
Q

Hormones responsible for fluid and balance

A

1) Aldosterone
2) Antidiuretic hormone

27
Q

What is the function of Corticotropin-releasing Hormone

A
  • Triggers release of adrenocortictopic hormone from the pituitary gland
  • ACTH stimulates the adrenal glands to produce cortisol
  • Affects tissue repair, inflammation, general recovery from physical stress
28
Q

Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormones function

A

-Promotes the secretion of thyroid stimulating hormone from the pituitary, which in turn influences the thyroid gland to release its hormones

29
Q

Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone

A
  • Controls release of lutenizing hormone and follicle stimulating hormone from the pituitary gland
30
Q

Growth Hormone-Releasing Hormone

A

Stimulates release of growth hormone

31
Q

Somatostatin function

A

Inhibits the release of growth hormone and thyroid stimulating hormone

32
Q

Oxytocin function

A
  • Primarily childbirth and lactation -also plays a role in childbirth and lactation
33
Q

Antidiuretic hormone function

A
  • Regulates water balance in the body impacting blood pressure and homeostasis
34
Q

Pituitary gland location and structure

A
  • Located below hypothalamus
  • Size of a pea
35
Q

Anterior Pituitary Hormones

A

1) Adrenocorticotropic hormone
2) Thyroid stimulating Hormone
3) Growth Hormone
4) Follicle Stimulating Hormong and Lutenizing hormone
5) Prolactin

36
Q

Posterior Pituitary hormones

A

1) Oxytocin
2) Antiduretic hormone

37
Q

Function of Adrenocorticotropic hormone

A
  • Stimulates adrenal glands to release cortisol
38
Q

Function of Thyroid stimulating hormone

A

Regulates thyroid glands of releasing thyroid hormones which govern metabolism and energy/

39
Q

Function of Growth Hormone

A

Directly affects muscle and bone growth

40
Q

Function for FSH and LH

A

Regulate the gonads

41
Q

Prolactin function

A

Governs milk production

42
Q

Where is ADH stored

A

Produced in hypothalamus, stored in posterior pituitary lobe

43
Q

Where is Oxytocin stored

A

Posterior lobe of pituitary

44
Q

Thyroid gland Location and Structure

A
  • Location: Lower front of neck
  • 2 lobes connected by a narrow tissue known as isthmus
45
Q

Three hormones in the thyroid

A

1) T4 and T3
2) Calcitonin
3) Parathyroid hormone

46
Q

T4 and T3

A
  • Primary hormones produced by thyroid gland that play a crucial role in regulating the body’s metabolism
  • T4 is created then primarily converted to T3 so both have the same role
47
Q

Calcitonin function

A

Released by thyroid and plays a role in calcium regulation within the body

48
Q

Parathyroid Hormone

A

Released by parathyroid and acts oppositely from calcitonin

49
Q

Parathyroid main function

A

Calcium homeostasis which is critical for bone integrity

DPTD 733 (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions