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Gross 1 > Quiz 4 Bones of forearm (Exam 2) > Flashcards

Quiz 4 Bones of forearm (Exam 2) Flashcards

1
Q

Articulates proximally w/ humerus @ the elbow & with the ulna @ the proximal radioulnar joint

A

Radius

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2
Q

Articulates distally w/ the ulna @ the disal radioulnar joint & with the scaphoid & lunate to form the wrist joint

A

Radius

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3
Q

Pivot bone, which moves during pronation & supination

A

Radius

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4
Q

Proximal end articulates w/ the humerus @ the elbow joint & the radius @ the proximal radioulnar joint

A

Ulna

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5
Q

Distally the bone articulates w/ the radius to form the distal radioulnar joint

A

Ulna

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6
Q

_______ ______ of the wrist found b/t the distal end of the ulna & carpal bones

A

Articular disc of the wrist

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7
Q

Ossification of the radius & ulna completes around the same time? True or false

A

True

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8
Q

True/ false fractures of the radius & ulna are usually due to severe & direct trauma & produces a transverse fracture of the shaft of both bones

A

True

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9
Q

Fracture @ the distal end of the Radius ONLY & is one of the most common fractures in adults

A

Colles fractures

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10
Q

Type of fracture that occurs when an individual fall on an outstretched hand w/ the forearm pronated

A

Colles fractures

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11
Q

Distal fragment is displaced POSTERIORLY, producing a shortening of the radius

A

Colles fracture

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12
Q

AKA “dinner fork deformity”

A

Colles fracture

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13
Q

Due to a fall on the back of the hand & is basically a reverse Colles fracture, with the distal fragment displaced anteriorly

A

Smith’s fractures

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14
Q

Ossification of the carpal bones

A 
capitate & hamate 
triquetral 
lunate
trapezium, trapezoid, scaphoid
pisiform
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15
Q
  1. protect & stabilize the tendons

2. Change the angle of the tendons as they pass to their insertion

A

Functions of the sesamoid bones

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16
Q

Most commonly fractures carpal bone

A

scaphoid

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17
Q

Fractures of the Hamate

A

ulnar nerve is close to the hook of the hamate & may be injured with this fracture

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18
Q
  1. Pronator teres
  2. flexor carpi radialis
  3. palmaris longus
  4. flexor carpi ulnaris
A

Anterior superficial forearm muscles

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19
Q

Anterior superficial forearm muscles have a common tendon of ORIGIN:

A

Medial epicondyle of the humerus

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20
Q

Compression of median nerve in the proximal forearm.

A

Pronator teres syndrome

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21
Q

Anterior Intermediate forearm

A

Flexor digitorum superficials

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22
Q
  1. Flexor digitorum profundus
  2. flexor pollicis longus
  3. pronator quadratus
A

Deep anterior forearm muscles

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23
Q
  • Loss or weakened pronation
  • abnormal & weak flexion @ the wrist joint (ulnar deviation)
  • Weakened abduction of the hand
  • atrophy of the thenar muscles w/ loss of opposition & loss or weakness of other movements of the 1st digit. The term “ape hand”
  • Sensory loss over the lateral 2/3 of the palmar surface of the hand
A

Median Nerve damage

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24
Q

If you suspect median nerve damage what test can you perform?

A
  • motor test

- sensory test

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25
Q

Have pt. make a circle w/ their thumb & index finger, the examiner attempts to pull the 1st digit away from 2nd by applying force to the proximal phalanx of digit one

A

Motor test

26
Q

Assess cutaneous sensation at the tip of the 2nd digit . This is the part of the median nerve’s cutaneous distribution which is the least susceptible to variation

A

Sensory test of the median nerve

27
Q

Most common area of compression or injury of the _____ ____ is at or just distal to the elbow joint. Injury here may cause atrophy of the flexor carpi ulnaris & half of the flexor digitorum profundus

A

Ulnar nerve damage

28
Q
  • Impaired or weakened adduction of the hand
  • weakened or abnormal flexion of the hand (radial deviation
  • Muscles fo the hand associated w/ the 5th digit will undergo atrophy
  • Difficulty in making a fist
A

Injury to the ulnar nerve damage

29
Q

Compromise or damage to the ulnar nerve at the wrist, where is passes b/t the pisiform & the hook of the hamate. Individual will show loss of sensation in the medial one & half digits & may show atrophy of the hyprothenar muscles

A

Guyon Tunnel or canal syndrome

30
Q
  1. Brachioradialis
  2. Extensor Carpi Radialis longus
  3. Extensor Carpi Radilais brevis
  4. Extensor Digitorum
  5. Extensor Digiti Minimi
  6. Extensor Carpi Ulnaris
A

Superficial Posterior forearm muscles

31
Q

painful condition of the elbow which involves repetitive use of the superficial posterior forearm muscles

A

Lateral Epicondylitis / Tennis Elbow

32
Q

Pt. will point @ the lateral epicondyle of the humerus & may indicate that the pain runs down the lateral aspect of their forearm

A

Lateral Epicondylitis / Tennis Elbow

33
Q

Having the pt. make a fist & hyperextend their hand and applying pressure to the pts. hand attempting to force pts. hand into flexion and the pt. experiences sudden severe pain in the area of the lateral epicondyle

A

Lateral Epicondylitis / Tennis Elbow

Subluxation of C5 may also cause pain in this region also

34
Q
  • Condition in which there is a sudden, severe tension on one of the long extensor tendons, where it may avulse at its attachment.
  • Deformity results from the distal IP joint being forced into extreme flexion,
  • Result is that the individual is not able to extend the DIP joint of the involved digit
A

Mallet finger

35
Q
  1. Supinator
  2. Abductor pollicis longus
  3. Extensor pollicis brevis
  4. Extensor pollicis longus
  5. Extensor indicis
A

Deep posterior forearm muscles

36
Q

Tendons of extensor pollicis longus, extensor pollicis brevis & abductor pollicis longus

A

Tendons that make up the Anatomical Snuffbox

37
Q

Floor of the snuffbox is formed by the:

A

styloid process of the radius, scaphoid and trapezium bones

38
Q

Condition in which there is inflammation of the tendons of the abductor pollicis longus & the extensor pollicis brevis w/in their common fibrous sheath

A

DeQuervain’s Disease or Tenosynovitis Stenosans

39
Q

Pts. complain of pain at the lateral aspect of their wrist & may notice pain radiation proximally & distally from that point

A

DeQuervain’s Disease or Tenosynovitis Stenosans

40
Q

Most common cause of injury is a fracture at the shaft of the humerus

A

Damage to the Radial Nerve

41
Q

Arteries of the forearm

A

Radial Artery

Ulnar artery

42
Q

Radial artery

A

More lateral branch of the brachial artery

43
Q

Radial artery branches:

A
  1. Recurrent- Runs proximally to the brachial profundus & takes part in the collateral circulation around the lateral aspect of the elbow
  2. Superficial & deep palmar - which join w/ similar branches from the ulnar artery to form the superficial & deep palmar arches of the hand
44
Q

Ulnar Artery

A

Medial branch of the brachial artery, deep to the flexor carpi ulnaris muscle. and is accompanied by the ulnar nerve

45
Q

Ulnar artery branches:

A
  1. Anterior & posterior recurrent - which join the ulnar collaterals of the brachial & form the collateral circulation on the medial aspect of the elbow
  2. Common interosseous- arises from the proximal part of the vessel. The common interosseous will divide into an anterior & posterior interosseous artery
  3. Superficial & deep Palmar which help form the superficial & deep palmar arches
46
Q

Distal or inferior Radioulnar joint Articulation:

A

Head of the ulna & ulnar notch of the radius

47
Q

Distal or inferior Radioulnar joint classification:

A

Pivot or trochoid

48
Q

Distal or inferior Radioulnar joint capsular ligament:

A

Encloses the joint but rather weak & may be deficient superiorly

49
Q 
Distal or inferior Radioulnar joint Ligaments:
Anterior and posterior transverse ligaments & 
Articular disc (ligament)
A
  • Anterior & posterior transverse ligaments serve to unite the distal end of the radius & ulna, strengthen the capsular ligament & prevent supination.
  • Extrinsic & act like a rope
50
Q

Articular disc (ligament)

A
  • Small piece of fibrocartilage which attaches to the ulnar notch & the styloid process of the ulna. Helps to firmly unite the distal end of the 2 bones & is considered the chief uniting structure of the joint
51
Q

Nerve supply of the anterior/ posterior transverse ligaments and the articular disc (ligament)

52
Q

________ ______ unites the hand to the forearm

A

Radiocarpal joint

53
Q

Articulation of radiocarpal joint:

A

Distal end of the radius & the articular disc with the scaphoid, lunate & triquetral

54
Q

classification of radiocarpal joint

55
Q

Capsular ligament of radiocarpal joint

A

rather thin & unremarkable

56
Q

Ligaments of radiocarpal joint:

A

Dorsal & palmar radiocarpals
Palmar ulnocarpal
Ulnar & radial collaterals

57
Q

Dorsal & palmar radiocarpals:

A
  • Attaches superiorly to the radius & inferiorly to the scaphoid & lunate carpal bones,
  • Extrinsic & acts like ropes
58
Q

Palmar ulnocarpal

A
  • attaches the ulna to the scaphoid and lunate

- Extrinsic & acts like a rope

59
Q

Ulnar & radial collateral

A
  • Attach from the styloid process of the ulna & radius to the carpal bones on their respective sides.
  • Extrinsic & act like ropes
60
Q

Nerve supply of radiocarpal joint:

A

Median, Radial, & ulnar

Gross 1 (29 decks)

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