Exam 4 part 3 Bones of the lower leg

Question 1

The tibia articulates with:

Answer 1

Condyles of the femur & the head of the fibula (proximally)

With the talus & distal end of the fibula (distally)

Question 2

The ossification of the tibia:

Answer 2

• Primary for the shaft

- 3 secondary ossification centers for the proximal end, distal end & the tibial tuberosity

Question 3

Order of ossification of the tibia

Answer 3

Shaft- 7- 8th week of development
Proximal end - just before birth
Distal end 
Tibial tuberosity 
Distal end fuses
Proximal end fuses

Question 4

Articulation of the fibula

Answer 4

Ankle joint

Proximal & distal tibiofibular joints

Question 5

Ossification of the fibula

Answer 5

• Primary for the shaft

- Secondary ossification centers for the distal & proximal ends of the bone

Question 6

Order of ossification of the fibula

Answer 6

Shaft - primary
Distal end & proximal end - 2nd
Proximal end fuses
Distal end fuses

Question 7

Bones of the foot

Answer 7

• 7 tarsal bones
• 5 metatarsals
• 14 phalanges

Question 8

• Strongest of the tarsal bones
• Number of important muscles & ligaments attach to the bone
• Articulates superiorly w/ the talus & anteriorly w/ the cuboid

Answer 8

Calcaneus

Question 9

_______ ______ is the large prominence & allows among others for the insertion of the tendon calcaneus (Achilles tendon)

Answer 9

Calcaneal Tuberosity

Question 10

_______ _______, found on the lateral side of the bone & separates the tendons of the fibularis longus & brevis from each other

Answer 10

Fibular trochlear (of calcaneus)

Question 11

Prominent “ledge” on the medial aspect of the calcaneus that has articular facets associated with it.

Answer 11

Sustentaculum tali

Question 12

Deep groove which separates the articular facets of the calcaneus

Answer 12

Calcaneal sulcus

Question 13

• Only tarsal bone that articulates with the tibia & fibula to form the ankle joint
• Articulates inferiorly w/ the calcaneus to form the subtalar joint
• Consist of a head, neck & body
• Articulates anteriorly w/ the navicular

Answer 13

Talus

Question 14

• Found on the medial side of the foot
• Has projection on its medial side which is very palpable
• Bone articulates posteriorly w/ the talus, anteriorly w/ the 3 cuneiform bones & laterally w/ the cuboid

Answer 14

Navicular

Question 15

• Named because of its shape
• Found on the lateral border of the foot
• Articulates posteriorly w/ calcaneus, anteriorly w/ the 5th metatarsal & medially w/ the lateral cuneiform & navicular

Answer 15

Cuboid

Question 16

• 3

- Named medial, intermediate & lateral

Answer 16

Cuneiforms

Question 17

Ossification of the tarsal bones

Answer 17

• begin to ossify before birth

- Normally has a single center of ossification, except the calcaneus which has a 2nd center for the calcaneal tuberosity

Question 18

Order of ossification of tarsal bones

Answer 18

• Calcaneus
• Talus
• Cuboid
• 1st Cuneiform
• 2nd cuneiform
• 3rd cuneiform & navicular
• Completely ossified by puberty

Question 19

• The 5th metatarsal has a prominent tubercle on its base, which is for the attachment of the:

Answer 19

fibularis brevis & fibularis tertius