Quiz # 3 second sem Flashcards
what is the origin of replication?
where DNA begins
what are the enzymes?
helicase, DNA polymerase, DNA ligase
what is helicase
the enzyme that breaks hydrogen bonds by holding base pair together and separates the strand
what is DNA polymersase
enzyme that matches and links “free” nucleotides to the growing strand (makes the new strand of DNA)
what is DNA ligase
reforms the covalent bonds between the phosphate group and deoxyribose sugar (glues together the new strands of DNA)
where is helicase found?
right where the DNA strands start to split
where is DNA polymerase found?
where the new nucleotides are growing
where is DNA ligase found?
in the bases of the new DNA being formed
what are the parts of nucleotides?
sugar, phosphate, nitrogenous base
what are the bases?
adenine (A), thymine (T), cytosine (C), and guanine (G)
how was DNA discovered
by Watson and Crick in 1953
similarities between DNA and RNA
both are polymers of nucleotides
differences between DNA and RNA
dna is double stranded and rna is single stranded, DNA contains thymine and RNA contains uracil, DNA is found in nucleus and RNA is found in nucleus and cytoplasm, DNA has deoxyribose sugar and RNA has ribose
what is the process of DNA replication?
helicase breaks the original DNA in 2 parts. Then DNA polymerase matches up the broken nucleotides by the right pair. After, DNA ligase connects the 2 strands of DNA back together
what is semi replication process
when one strand of DNA is the same
