Quiz 3 Flashcards
- Increased Reid Index
- 12.5 of 14.2 million with COPD are from ______ _______
- Mucous gland hperplasia/ hypertrophy
- excess mucous secretion
- Blue Bloater and obese
- after age 32
- respiratory acidosis
- patchy atelectasis, squamous metaplasia & loss of cilia
Chronic bronchitis
permanent damage of pulmonary interstitial tissue, there are 3 types
• Pink puffer and thin due to weight loss
• Increased lung compliance
•common after age 50
•respiratory alkalosis
Emphysema
- Most Common type of emphysema
- affects proximal respiratory bronchioles and spares alveolar duct
- predilection for the upper lobes
- associated with coal worker Pneumoconiosis & smokers
Centrilobular emphysema
- prefers lower lobes
- autosomal recessive (α1- antitrypsin) exacerbated by smoking
- cotton candy lung
- enlarged air spaces, destruction of alveolar septae, compressed septal capillaries, carbon laden macrophages
Panacinar emphysema
- involves alveolar duct and alveoli
- spares proximal respiratory bronchiole
- subpleural bulae
- blebs (spaces between layers of pleura)
- blebs are responsible for most cases of spontaneous pneumothorax
Paraseptal emphysema
- exaggerated broncho constrictor response to many stimuli which induce dyspena and expiratory wheezing from small air resistance resistance to air flow.
- it is either intrinsic or extrinsic
Bronchial asthma
\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ \_\_\_\_\_\_\_ asthma: • family history: ALWAYS present • type 1 hypersensitivity: Yes • Antigen related (IgE mediated): Yes • atopic history: yes • skin test: Usually Positive • Age of most common occurence: Children
Extrinsic Bronchial
\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ \_\_\_\_\_\_\_ asthma: • family history: NOT always present • type 1 hypersensitivity: NO • Antigen related (IgE mediated): NO • atopic history: NO • skin test: Usually Negative • Age of most common occurence: ADULT
Intrinsic Bronchial
In what condition would you be able to find Curschmann’s spirals and Charcot- Leyden Crystals (crystalloid of eosinphilic membrane protein) in the mucus plugs?
Bronchial asthma
- All of the following are true statements concerning chronic bronchitis EXCEPT:
A. Blue-bloater due to Co2 retention
B. Less severe ventilation/perfusion mismatch than emphysema
C. Increased mucous gland hyperplasia
D. Productive cough for 3 consecutive months and 2 consecutive years
E. Increased Reid’s index
B. Less severe ventilation/perfusion mismatch than emphysema
- Panacinar emphysema is characterized by:
A. Most common type of emphysema
B. Involves the proximal respiratory bronchiole
C. Associated with alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency
D. It has a subpleural bulae subtype
C. Associated with alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency
match with the underlying symptoms:
57. Emphysema
A. Patchy consolidation pneumonia B. Crohn's focus C. Walking pneumonia D. Staphylococcus aureus causing bronchial dilation E. Non-patchy consolidation pneumonia F. Coal dust (carbon dioxide) G. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease H. Collapse of the alveoli
G. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
- What is the pathological expectation of acute bronchitis?
A. Exudative infiltrate of neutrophils and fibrin
B. Edema of the bronchi filled with lymphocyte only
C. Histamine release due to bacterial infection
D. Vascular congestion with fibrous
infiltration
A. Exudative infiltrate of neutrophils and fibrin
- Progressive airway obstruction due to destruction of lung parenchyma or irreversible damage to conducting pathways/ 4th leading cause of death in the U.S.
- increased compliance= increased stretch on inspiration
- decreased elasticity = decrease recoil on expiration
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)
