Quiz 3 Flashcards
During which phase of sleep is the majority of GH secretion observed?
Question 1 Answer
a.
Light sleep
b.
REM sleep
c.
Slow-wave sleep
d.
Rapid-eye movement sleep
c.
Slow-wave sleep
What do the magnocellular neurons secrete?
Question 2 Answer
a.
Corticotropin-releasing hormone
b.
Vasopressin
c.
Prolactin
d.
Somatostatin
b.
Vasopressin AKA ADH
What is the primary cause of increased mortality in patients with untreated acromegaly
Question 3 Answer
a.
Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disorders
b.
Gastrointestinal disease
c.
Liver dysfunction
d.
Respiratory disease
a.
Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disorders
increased growth of connective tissues causes a narrowing of lumens of vasculature??
Which neuropeptide is a potent stimulus for the release of prolactin?
Question 4 Answer
a.
Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)
b.
Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH)
c.
Vasoactive intestinal peptide
d.
Dopamine
b.
Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH)
ACTH upregulates the activity of side chain cleavage enzyme, resulting in:
Question 5 Answer
a.
Increased conversion of corticosterone to cortisol
b.
Increased synthesis of cholesterol
c.
Increased conversion of cortisol to epinephrine
d.
Increased conversion of cholesterol to pregnenolone
d.
Increased conversion of cholesterol to pregnenolone
Which of the following are TRUE regarding metabolism of cortisol?
Question 6 Answer
a.
Cortisol derivates, that are released into the stool cannot be reabsorbed due to their low water solubility
b.
The majority of tetrahydrocortisone glucuronide is released into the urine
c.
Conjugation of cortisol is achieved via 21-hydroxylase
d.
Majority of the tetrahydrocortisone glucuronide is released into the stool
b.
The majority of tetrahydrocortisone glucuronide is released into the urine
Which of the following is NOT a stimulus for aldosterone secretion?
Question 7 Answer
a.
Angiotensin II
b.
Elevation of serum potassium
c.
Sympathetic stimulation
d.
ACTH
c.
Sympathetic stimulation
Which of the following is NOT an effect of catecholamines?
Question 8 Answer
a.
Vasodilation of the skin
b.
Bronchodilation
c.
Increased heart rate
d.
Increased contractile force of the heart
a.
Vasodilation of the skin
*causes vasoconstriction of skin
Patient is given high-dose dexamethasone. What result would you expect if the patient is experiencing ectopic production of ACTH (i.e. from a paraneoplastic syndrome)?
Question 9 Answer
a.
Urinary cortisol will remain unchanged in response to dexamethasone
b.
Significantly reduced urinary cortisol due to negative feedback loop
c.
Increased urinary cortisol since dexamethasone will stimulate adrenal glands
d.
Plasma ACTH levels will be reduced but urinary cortisol levels will remain elevated
a.
Urinary cortisol will remain unchanged in response to dexamethasone
Which of the following CORRECTLY relates the pathology of pheochromocytoma to its clinical features?
Question 10 Answer
a.
High cortisol secretion results in tachycardia
b.
High androgen secretion results in nausea
c.
High aldosterone secretion results in headache
d.
High catecholamine secretion results in hypertension
d.
High catecholamine secretion results in hypertension
chromffin cells in medulla effected= catecholamine NE and E
Which of the following is TRUE regarding congenital adrenal hyperplasia?
Question 11 Answer
a.
Deficient levels of 21-Hydroxylase enzyme results in lack of cortisol production
b.
Accumulation of androgens cause hyperplasia of adrenal glands
c.
In simple virilizing type, male infants typically have ambiguous genitalia
d.
Salt-wasting type often presents with PCOS-like symptoms and infertility
a.
Deficient levels of 21-Hydroxylase enzyme results in lack of cortisol production
Which of the following mechanisms is responsible for causing hypotension seen with primary adrenal insufficiency?
Question 12 Answer
a.
Cortisol and aldosterone deficiency
b.
Cortisol deficiency
c.
Mineralocorticoid deficiency
d.
Androgen deficiency
a.
Cortisol and aldosterone deficiency
