Quiz 3 Flashcards
3 Mechanisms of anemia & examples
Increased loss- Hemorrhage, BM toxin
Increased destruction- IMHA (immune mediated hemolytic anemia)
Decreased production- Kidney failure, BM toxins
What is found in NMB
Heinz bodies, Retics, & Anaplasma marginale
Stomatocytes are associated with
Dwarfism
Heinz Bodies are only significant in a cat when…
its anemic
An animal with regenerative anemia will likely have anisocytosis, polychromasia and reticuloctytosis
True
BM Toxin will cause
decreased production anemia
An animal with kidney failure could have a decreased production anemia and have a reticulocytosis
False
A new born puppy will have absolute hypoproteinemia
True
A geriatric will have a relative hypoporeinemia due to the inability to retain water
False
If a newborn ingests colostrum the protein measurement will become normal
False -up to 6months
A newborn puppy will have relative hypoproteinemia
False -absolute hypoproteinemia
If a newborn ingests colostrum the protein measurement will increase but won’t reach normal range
True
A primary absolute polycythemia is an appropriate response and will have an increase in EPO
False -No EPO
The most common cause of polycythemia is dehydration
True
Polycythemia vera is a tumor and will be a secondary absolute polycythemia
False -Primary absolute polycythemia
Hypoxia without anemia will cause a secondary absolute polycythemia and is an inappropriate response
False -Appropriate response
Eosinophils produce histamine
False
An animal with kidney failure would have a normal PCV
False
A dehydrated patient will have a relative increased PCV and TP
True
Animals with liver failure will have aboslute hypoproteinemia and an absolute increase in PCV
False -decrease in PCV
Animals with bone marrow toxins will have an absolute decreased PCV and normal TP
True
Animals with hemolysis will have an artifactual hyperproteinemia
True
Animals with hemorrhage will have relative hypoproteinemia and relative decrease
False -Absolute decrease in PCV
The defining cell of inflammation is the band eosinophil
False
Absolute hypoproteinemia can be caused by decreased production, increased loss, and increased destruction
False
Fe deficiency
microcytic hypochromic non reg.
New anemia
normocytic normochromic non reg.
kidney failure
nomrocytic normochromic non reg.
Polychormoatophilics present
macrocytic hypochromic reg.
BM toxin
normocytic normochromic non reg.
Why fibrinogen measurement is so important
a increase in fibrinogin prior to WBCs in states of inflammation
Purpose of indicies
classify anemias
normal MCVs
60-70 dog
39-55 cat
Macro or Microcytic
normal MCHCs
30-36 dog & cat
Hyper or Hypochormic
normal Abs retics
>60,000 = non regenerative <60,000 = regenerative
MCV is short for…
Mean Corpuscular Volume
MCHC is short for…
Mean Corpuscular Hgb. Concentration
MCH is short for…
Mean Corpuscular Hgb.
TP at birth
low, will slightly increase with colostrum, 6-12 mo. until normal
TP as geriatric
Relative high, appears increased due to dehydration
TP at early gestation
high due to hyper immunity
TP at late gestation
low due to colostrum intake of newborn
Functions of TP
Enzymes, building block, transport, albumin
Low RBC
anemia
High RBC
polycythemia
Low PCV
anemia
Low Hgb
anemia
High WBC
leukocytosis
Low WBC
leukopenia
Acanthocytes are associated with
Liver failure
