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CTO > Quiz 2 Muscles > Flashcards

Quiz 2 Muscles Flashcards

1
Q

Smooth muscle more often responds to which kind of signals?

A

local and hormonal

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2
Q

What kind of muscle is the diaphragm?

A

skeletal

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3
Q

What are 5 functions of muscle tissue

A
  1. Producing body movements
  2. Stabilizing body positions
  3. Regulating Organ Volume
  4. Flow of substances within the body
  5. Producing heat
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4
Q

What is extensibility

A

ability to stretch without damaging the tissue

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5
Q

What is the diameter of muscle fibers?

A

10-100 microns

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6
Q

What is the sarcolemma

A

plasma membrane of muscle cell + external lamina

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7
Q

What separates the muscles into fascicles

What seprates muscles fibers from one another

A

perimysium

endomysium

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8
Q

What kind of fibers make up endomysium/ maybe peri and epimysium as well?

A

reticular fibers/ type III collagen

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9
Q

light band is isotropic or anisotropic?

A

Isotropic

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10
Q

what does anisotropic mean?

A

block light

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11
Q

label, specifically M line

A
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12
Q

M line represents

A

attachment of adjacent myosin molecules

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13
Q

What are the 3 types of protein that comprise Myofibrils?

A

contractile, regulatory, and structural

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14
Q

Out of the three protein types that make up Myofibrils…what kind is Myosin Light Chain Kinase (MLCK)

A

regulatory

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15
Q

Which kind of muscles use MLCK and why?

A

smooth, no troponin complex in smooth

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16
Q

what is titin

what does it do

A

structural protein in myofibrils

starts at Z-line and binds to thick filament. acts as molecular spring

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17
Q

What is myomesin

what does it do

A

structural protein in myofibrils

.attaches myosin thick filaments at M line

18
Q

What is nebulin

what does it do

A

structural protein in myofibrils

Regulates actin length

19
Q

What is alpha actinin

what does it do

A

structural protein in myofibrils

anchors actin to Z disk

20
Q

What is dystrophin

A

structural protein in myofibrils

21
Q

What are the three classes of intermediate filaments in myofibrils and where are they

Where are they important

A

desmin,vinmentin, and syemin

They are inbetween the contractile proteins and

they are particularly importnat at the Z-disk

22
Q

Troponin T binds to:

Troponin C binds to:

Troponin I binds to:

A

tropomyosin

calcium

actin and inhibits myosin binding

23
Q

Each myosin filament has how many actin filaments surrounding it?

A

6

24
Q

Myosin heads are N or C terminus?

A

N

25
Q

Describe strucure of Myosin II

–How many proteins in myosin head region

and what are they

A

2 coiled coils of 2 alpha helices

6

2 heavy chains

2 essential light chains

2 regulatory light chains

26
Q

skeletal muscle has what type of mysoin?

A

II

27
Q

myosin thick filaments are ____ _____on the two ends

A

oppositely polarized

28
Q

How many molecules of myosin make up one thick filament

A

300-600

29
Q

label I H M and A band

A
30
Q

During muscle contraction ___ ___ moves towards __ ____

A

z disk, A band

31
Q

What decreases in teh sarcomere during muscle contraction?

A

H and I band

32
Q

The binding of the myosin to hte myosin-binding site on actin causes release of _____ from the head of the myosin molecule. This results in a conformational change that pulls the actin towards the ____ end of hte actin filament

A

ADP

minus

33
Q

waht causes power stroke of myosin

A

loss of ADP from myosin

34
Q

t/f release of actin filament requires hydrolysis of ATP

A

false, just requires the molecule

35
Q

when in the muscle contraction is ATP hydrolysis requried?

A

recocking the head

36
Q

In skeletal muscle, how many many cisternae are there / T tubule

A

2

37
Q

SR cisternae are located where in the skeletal muscle sarcomere?

  • cardiac
A

junction b/w the A and I band

.-Z disk

38
Q

transvere portion of intercalated disks have what kind of junctional complex

A

fascia adherens/ broad desmosomes

39
Q

What are smooth muscle cells surrounded by?

A

reticular fibers

40
Q

what causes binding of actin/myosin in smooth muscle cells

A

phosphorylation of myosin light chaisn

41
Q

wht are the two types of smooth muscle units

A

visceral and multiunit

42
Q

which type of smooth muscle type is sparsely innervated and has extensive gap junctions

A

visercal

CTO (7 decks)

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