Quiz 2 (Ch. 5) Flashcards
____ is all of the chemical reactions that occur within a cell.
Metabolism
____ is the processes that capture and store energy by breaking down complex molecules into simple ones.
Catabolism
____ is the processes that use energy to synthesize and assemble the building blocks of cells (simple to complex)
Anabolism
____ speed up catabolic reactions in biological systems.
Enzymes
____ is a form of respiration using electron acceptors other than oxygen.
Anaerobic Respiration
____ is a process by which pyretic acid is subsequently metabolized in the absence of oxygen.
Fermentation
___ use inorganic chemical reactions for energy production.
Chemoautotrophs
____ use sunlight as a source of energy, and organic compounds as a carbon source. (Chloroflexus)
Photoheterotrophs
____ use sunlight and carbon dioxide.
Photoautotrophs
____ use organic compounds for energy production.
Chemoheterotrophs
____ is the process of energy capture in which a proton gradient is created by means of electron transport and then used to drive the synthesis of ATP.
Chemiosmosis
Two types of of ATP synthesis.
Substrate-level phosphorylation
&
Oxidative phosphorylation
The following 4 steps describes ____.
- Substrate-level phosphorylation (the transfer of phosphate groups from ATP’s to glucose)
- Breaking of a six-carbon molecule (glucose) into 2 three carbon molecules
- The transfer of two electrons to the coenzyme NAD
- The capture of energy in ATP
Glycolysis
The following 3 steps describe _____.
- The oxidation of carbon
- The transfer of electrons to coenzymes
- Substrate-level energy capture
The Krebs Cycle
____ is the process leading to the transfer of electrons from substrate to O2, begins during one of the energy-releasing dehydrogenation reactions of catabolism.
Electron transport
