quiz Flashcards
is when the eggs are deposited outside the mother’s body after fertilization.
Oviparity
The fertilized eggs are retained within the mother in order to complete their development. The embryos still take all of their nourishment from the egg yolk. The young are thus fully developed when they hatch.
Ovoviviparity
is found in almost all mammals. The young develop within the mother and takes its nourishment directly from their mother’s blood, as opposed to egg yolks.
Viviparity
In most cartilaginous fish most fertilization is _____.
internal
In internal fertilization, the male introduces sperm into the female by means of a modified _______.
pelvic fin
In Amphibians, gametes from the males and females are released through the __________.
cloaca
The shells of reptile eggs are _____, and this allows for better withstanding of environmental conditions.
leathery
As the eggs pass through the ________, the glands secrete the egg whites and the hard shells that distinguish bird eggs from reptilian eggs.
oviduct
Most birds are also _______, meaning that they keep a stable body temperature.
homeotherms
the embryo that develops within the cavity filled with fluid is surrounded by a membrane called an amnion.
amniotic eggs
is an extra-embryonic membrane and develops outside of the body of the embryo.
amnion
_______ in females is the cyclic release of an egg from the ovary.
Ovulation
The period of sexual receptivity
estrus
the reproductive cycle is therefore called
estrous cycle
The most primitive mammals, the monotremes, are __________
oviparous
derives its nutrients from the mother’s blood, since fetal and maternal blood vessels are in close proximity.
fetus
deduced the classical principles of genetics in 1865. He based his deductions on the results of breeding experiments with peas.
Gregor Mendel
genetic composition
genotype
their physical appearance
phenotype
is the term for the deductions of Mendel.
Mendelian genetics
in the form of meiosis involves the daughter cell inheriting only one member of each chromosome pair.
Cell division
Chromosomes exchange materials during ________, leading to the linked genes’ recombination.
meiosis
The first evidence for the existence of enzymes came in 1909, through the study of the disease called ________ The disease results from a genetic defect that results in problems with the metabolism of phenylalanine, an amino acid.
phenylketonuria
who formed the basis for present-day molecular biology.
James Watson and Francis Crick
