quiz 13 Flashcards
earliest known inhabitants of the British Isles
Celts
a special group of Celtic men who acted as teachers, judges, and priests
Druids
a Roman province under emperor Claudius
Britannia
Germanic tribes that invaded the celts
angles, saxons, and jutes
what were the influences the Celtics made
music, language, and heroes like King Arthur
“angleland”
england
wandering poets who wrote long poems about war heroes
scops
a missionary appointed by pope Gregory I
augustine
a group of vikings controlled most of england by 870
danes
the leading Saxon kingdom
wessex
the first great english king; 886 occupied london
Alfred the great
became king of England 1016
Canute the dane
battle in 1066
battle of hastings
returned to the throne with help of the English nobles
Edward the confessor
the most powerful noble
Harold godwin
duke of normandy
William the conqueror
when a king owns all the land
instituted feudalism
1086; census recorded in the…
doomsday book
new government from 1. _____ to the 2. ___ ____
- witan
- great council
farmers were trapped in
fuedalism
the lion of justice
Henry I
named for Henry the II who wore a plante Genet in his hat
Plantagenet kings
laws common to all me based on case-by-case study
common law
a group of people called to give a verdict in regard to legal matter
trial by jury
Henry II’s son, spent only 6 months of 10 year reign in england
Richard the lionhearted
Mom of Richard the lionhearted; ran the kingdom in Richard the LH’s absence
Eleanor of aquitaine
the most hated king in English hisory
john
_________ of france took more than half of England’s mainland in europe
king Philip augustus
placed all of England under a papal interdict
pope innocent III
one of the most important documents in the history of the world
magna carta
the right end of an arrested person to appear before a court
Habeas Corpus
a written plan which sets up a form of government and establishes its basic government principles
constitution
john’s son, a weak king
Henry III
led a rebellion of nobles and called the first meeting of Parliament in 1265
Simon de montfort
to speak
parler
long shanks; first pure Englishman since the Norman conquest
Edward I
two representatives from every shire/town
model parliament
stated wishes
bills
unworthy successor, forced abdictation
Edward II
further development and unity in 1327
Edward III
parliament divided into two institutions
- house of the lords- great nobles and church leaders
- house of commons- representatives
war between 1337- 1353
the hundred year’s war
longbows
benefit
a peasant girl who led the French army
Joan of arc
after 100 years England lost the war and all land in France except the…
port of calais
the last Plantagenet king lost the throne and “played tyrant”
richard II
started the dynasty of Lancaster
Henry IV
the last lancasterian king, duke of york
Henry VI
became king, duke of york
Edward IV
the first Tudor king of england
Henry VII
chosen by nobles to be king
Hugh capet
only controlled a tiny patch of land
ile-de-france
capetian king who challenged the nobles power
Louis VI
made the French monarchy stronger than any other single noble
Philip augustus II
became one of france’s most memorable kings
Louis IX
reigned during climax of quarrel with papacy
Philip IV
French version of parliament
estates-general
- the clergy
- the nobles
- the commoners
- first estate
- second estate
- third estate
the last capetian king died in what year
1328
the earliest known inhabitants
iberians
larger prosperous ancient city still around today
cadiz
Rome acquired Iberia, and conquered all of it
Punic wars
center of culture and capital
cordova
small kingdoms of visigoths and Spanish people in northern spain
Asturias, navarre, Aragon, leon, and castile
11th century these small kingdoms started their own crusade
the reconquista
the Spanish national hero recaptured valencia
El Cid
sent by spain to find new route to the east indies, discovered the new world
Christopher columbus
Spanish scholar wrote a grammar book for castilians’ language
Antonia de nebrija
thousands of moors, Jews, and other non-romanists faced torture, imprisonment, exile, or death
Spanish inquisition
the first grand inquisitor of the Spanish requisitions
Tomas de torquemada
the phoencian and greek area of the Iberian peninsula named by romans
lusitanian
French knight named count of portugal
Henry of burgundy
Portugal became an independent nation when he was crowned king in 1139
alfonso henriques
the capital of portugal
lisbon
his reign marked the beginning of portugal’s greatest days of glory
John I
when the Europe nations began in earnest to explore distant lands
the age of exploration
the name for modern European civilization
western civilization
a viking explorer from before this age of exploration
Leif ericson
a device used to measure stars above the horizon
astrolabe
son of an Italian merchant, wrote “the kingdoms and marvels of the east”
Marco polo
the son of king john I spent his life avidly promoting Portuguese navigation
prince Henry the navigator
saild all the way to southern tip of Africa, the cape of good hope
Bartolomeu dias
rounded the cape of good hope, first to reach as far east by sea
Vasco de gama
an Italian explorer who planned to conquer the “indies”
Christopher columbus
tribe on San salvador
arawak
tribe whom the carribeans get their name from
carib
the most important civilization in south america
the incas
capital city
cuzco
the most powerful empire in the western hemisphere at the beginning of the age of exploration
the aztecs
capital city built on an island in a lake
tenochtitlan
conquerors who eagerly explored the new world in hopes of bringing glory to Spain and spreading romanism
Spanish conquistadors
first spanish explorer to land on North America mainland
Ponce de leon
crossed the isthmus of Panama and discover the Pacific ocean
Vasco de balboa
a Portuguese sailor who went on a 3-year voyage around the world
Ferdinand magellan
