history test ch.11-12 Flashcards
1
Q
First recognized Pope
A
pope Leo I
2
Q
pope responsible for the two swords doctrine, which separated church and state
A
pope Gelasius I
3
Q
First medieval Pope
A
pope Gregory I
4
Q
Translated the Bible from Latin to English
A
John wycliffe
5
Q
Followers of Peter of Bruis
A
petrobrusians
6
Q
followers of Peter Waldo
A
waldensians
7
Q
perched alone, a top a stone pillar for 37 years
A
simeon stylites
8
Q
an Italian monk who founded a monastery at Monte Casino
A
benedict
9
Q
The most dominant Germanic tribe after the collapse of the Roman empire
A
franks
10
Q
was the first great Frankish leader, he professed his Christianity in 498
A
clovis
11
Q
A line of Frankish King‘s, named for Clovis‘s grandfather Merovee
A
merovingians
12
Q
“ the hammer”, most famous mayor of the palace
A
Charles martel
13
Q
Muslims from North Africa
A
moors
14
Q
Pepin the short started the ________ line of kings
A
carolingians
15
Q
(French for Charles the great), greatest of the Carolingian Kings
A
charlemagne
16
Q
Charlemagne’s only surviving son who inherited the crown
A
Louis the pious
17
Q
Eastern invaders and Asian nomads who are called the scourge of Europe
A
magyars
18
Q
A.k.a. Norsemen, German barbarians known for long ships
A
vikings
19
Q
duke of Saxony, acted as king of Germany, (part of the Saxon line)
A
Henry the fowler
20
Q
Emperor of the Romans, who started the holy Roman empire by forming an alliance with the church
A
Otto the great
21
Q
Germany monarchy reached the peak of its power under _______
A
Henry IV
22
Q
“ red beard” the first Hohenstaufen emperor
A
Frederick barbarossa
23
Q
Barbosa’s grandson, wanted to expand his empire to southern Italy and clashes with the papacy
A
Frederick II
24
Q
decreed that the pope should only be chosen by cardinals
A
pope Nicholas II
25
Nicholas II’s advisor
hildebrand
26
pope that was originally nicknamed Hildebrand
pope Gregory VII
27
The papacy reached his zenith of power and influence under ______
innocent III
28
Taxed the papacy 50% on the French clergy's annual income (don't have to know I don't think)
Philip the fair
29
pope who said “every creature to be subject to Roman Church is altogether necessary for salvation”
Boniface VIII
30
where the countries of Denmark, Sweden, and Norway are located today
scandinavia
31
Important viking settlement in France
normandy
32
"empire" that Otto the Great "created"
holy Roman empire
33
place where the "other/ French" pope resided
avignon
34
overseer
bishop
35
The belief that apostolic authority could be passed on from leader to leader
apostolic succession
36
Idea that Christ founded his church on Peter and Peter passed on his position to the bishop of Rome
petrine theory
37
most important church
Roman Catholic church
38
supreme leader of the Roman church (papa)
pope
39
means grace, humanistic plan of salvation based on man’s works
sacraments
40
The Latin translation of the Bible
Latin vulgate
41
forbade anyone except a clergy man to possess a copy of the Bible; was done in 1229
council of toulouse
42
psalm book that Catholics were able to own
breviary
43
Practice of withdrawing from society to live in solitude
monasticism
44
1. people who practice monasticism.
2. women who practice monasticism.
3. earliest monks who lived in the wilderness.
monk
nun
hermit
45
religious communities isolated from the rest of society
Monasteries
46
Monasteries for nuns
convents
47
1. The religious rules of monasteries.
2. The head of the monastery.
1. orders
2. abbot
48
A new kind of man who also preached and did missionary work outside the monastery
friar
49
The chief official of the merovingian household
mayor of the palace
50
considered the papal state; land won from the Lombard tribe by Pepin and gifted to the Roman church
donation of pepin
51
Charlemagne established the _______, or kings envoy
missi dominici
52
became the basis for modern handwriting
carolingian minuscule
53
small territories
duchy
54
the priests of the churches in Rome and other Italian cities
cardinals
55
A council in Rome, which sanctioned transubstantiation
fourth Lateran council
56
the pope and the cardinals came under the control of the French monarchy, and all the popes from 1305 until 1378 were French clergymen
Babylonian captivity of the papacy
57
Pope of Rome vs. Pope of Avignon
great schism
58
Issued the two swords doctrine
Pope Gelasius I
59
the two most prominent orders of friars and their founders
Franciscans (St. Francis of Assisi) & Dominicans (St. Dominic)
60
the year clovis and his warriors were baptized into the Roman church
498
61
the outcome of the battle of tours
Charles Martel won
62
the largest empire in the west since the Roman empire of the A.D. 300s
Charlemagne's empire
63
the date charlemagne was crowned "emperor of the Romans"
800
64
Split Charlemagne's empire
treaty of Verdun
65
1. why did the church of Rome forbid the people to read the scriptures for themselves
2. how did this policy make the middle ages the "dark ages"
j now this "concept"
66
Name for the Muslim's
saracens
67
energetic monk "cheerleader for the 2nd crusade"
Bernard of clairvaux
68
leader of France, participated in the 2nd Crusade
Louis VII
69
leader of Germany, participated in the 2nd Crusade
Conrad III
70
sultan of Egypt
saladin
71
participated in the "Kings Crusade"
Richard I
72
most powerful banking company
medici
73
created "Thomism" the RCC really liked him
Thomas aquinas
74
used scriptural logic
William of Ockham
75
translated the Bible to English
John wycliffe
76
dean and headmaster of the university of prague, He was called to the council of constance & was burned at the stake
John huss
77
founded and organized the Brethren of the Common Life
Gerhard groote
78
reforming leader in Florence, Italy
savonarola
79
wrote divine comedy
dante
80
wrote canterbury tales
Geoffrey chaucer
81
"Father of Humanism"
petrarch
82
first great author of prose
boccacio
83
wrote the prince
Niccolo machiavelli
84
only book of lasting importance from the Italian Renaissance
The prince
85
greatly changed the art of painting, his paintings were inspired by the Bible, painted the Last Supper
giotto
86
called the Renaissance Man, painted the Mona Lisa
Leonardo da vinvi
87
a painter known for painting with a lot of color;
raphael
88
painted the Sistine Chapel, sculpted David and Moses
michelangelo
89
invented the printing press
Johann gutenberg
90
best wool comes from here
flanders
91
1. land used in feudalism
2. owner of the land
3. "borrower" of the land
fief
lord
vassal
92
provided the heart of military force
knights
93
code of conduct for nights and nobles
chivalry
94
certain colorful and unique symbols, emblems, and designs displayed on armor, shields, and banners
heraldry
95
homes and fortresses
castle
96
1. knights trying to knock each other off of the horses
2. all day reenactment of battles
joust
tournament
97
place were serfs live
manor
98
those who worked the fields
serfs
99
the fields
demesne
100
1. No fighting from Friday to Sunday (latter changed to Wednesday)
2. priests denied sacraments to those who robbed the church
1. truce of God
2. peace of God
101
travels to certain holy cities people took to prove their piety
pilgrimages
102
"holy war"
crusade
103
The first crusade many poor people went to "war"
peasants' crusade
104
thousands of children went to "war"
children's crusades
105
1. saleman's seasonal communities turned into bustling towns
2.townspeople of 1
1. burgs
2. burghers
106
one of the "benefits" of the crusades, it created this "group" of people
middle class
107
international events where merchants came to trade
trade fairs
108
early form of trade unionism
guilds
109
first guild
Hanseatic league
110
architecture characterized by the use of thick, massive walls and small windows with rounded arches
romanesque
111
architecture with use of tall walls with many pointed windows
gothic
112
plague that swept through europe
black death
113
growing need for law & medicine led to the creation of _________
universities
114
1. Grammar, rhetoric, & logic
2. Arithmetic, music, geometry, & astronomy
trivium
quadrivium
115
an attempt to synthesis greek philosophy & Romanism
scholasticism
116
denied the totality of man’s sinful nature and his dependence upon God for everything
thomism
117
Wycliffe's followers
lollards
118
John Huss's followers
hussites
119
revived the interest in the humanities
Italian renaissance
120
subjects such as history, grammar, rhetoric, and poetry
humanites
121
intense interest in the subjects of the humanities
humanism
122
people who invested in the arts
patrons
123
Leonardo da Vinci was also known as the _________________
renaissance man
124
Johann Gutenberg
movable-type printing press
125
the first printed edition of the Bible
gutenberg Bible
126
the outcome of the official first crusade
it was successful
127
the outcome of the second crusade
accomplished nothing
128
the crusade that was called "the crusade of kings" and its results
Third crusade, secured pilgrimage rights
129
the results of the fourth crusade
resulted in the sacking of Constantinople
130
the first medieval university and its purpose
Salerno, study of medicine
131
the first two universities in england
Oxford, and Cambridge
132
John wycliffe's title
Morning Star of the Reformation
