quiz Flashcards by Kook Yin

Question ID:26513 A Freudian psychoanalyst is most likely to describe \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ as explicitly connecting current behavior to unconscious processes.
Select one:
a. interpretation
b. clarification
c. confrontation
d. working through

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Question ID:26511 As described by Jung, \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ are universal, generationally transmitted images that structure how people perceive their experiences.
Select one:
a. psychic schemata 
b. basic mistakes
c. polarities
d. archetypes

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Question ID:26509 In Freudian psychoanalysis, turning an undesirable impulse into its opposite is referred to as:
Select one:
a. projection.
b. reaction formation.
c. secondary process. 
d. catharsis.

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Question ID:26319 A Gestalt therapist would interpret a client's transference as:
Select one:
a. a sign of progress.
b. a manifestation of resistance.
c. the client's fantasy.
d. the result of "splitting."

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Question ID:26316 As described by Alfred Adler, a healthy style of life is characterized by:
Select one:
a. congruence between self and experience.
b. awareness of one’s thoughts, feelings, and actions in the here-and-now.
c. confidence, optimism, and concern about the welfare of others.
d. integration of conscious and unconscious elements of the psyche.

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Question ID:26317 George Kelly’s (1955) personal construct theory focuses on the role of “personal constructs,” which Kelly describes as:
Select one:
a. bipolar dimensions of meaning.
b. “primordial images.”
c. misinterpretations of reality.
d. manifestations of the person’s “style of life.”

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Question ID:26318 The goals of Gestalt therapy include helping the client recognize and satisfy needs and accept polarities that exist within his or her personality. A psychologist using a Gestalt approach would consider the key to achieving these goals to be which of the following?
Select one:
a. congruence
b. awareness
c. unconditional positive regard
d. cognitive restructuring

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Question ID:26163 A cigarette smoker says that she has decided to quit smoking in the next two weeks and that she plans to use nicotine gum to help her "kick the habit." According to the transtheoretical model, this person is in which of the following stages?
Select one:
a. preparation
b. contemplation 
c. precontemplation
d. action

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Question ID:26162 A solution-focused therapist is working with a husband and wife whose conversations frequently escalate to bitter fights. The therapist will most likely:
Select one:
a. reduce tension during therapy sessions by having the husband and wife talk directly to her rather than to each other.
b. instruct the couple to take a ten-minute “time-out” whenever they begin to argue at home.
c. ask the couple if they can remember a time when they were able to talk for an extended period without arguing.
d. instruct the couple to argue with each other for at least one hour each evening.

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Question ID:26159 Motivational interviewing combines the transtheoretical model of change with:
Select one:
a. psychoanalytic concepts.
b. reality therapy.
c. a behavioral approach. 
d. a client-centered approach.

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Question ID:26160 The techniques of consciousness raising, social liberation, dramatic relief, self-reevaluation, and reinforcement management are most associated with which of the following?
Select one:
a. interpersonal therapy
b. reality therapy 
c. transtheoretical model
d. personal construct theory

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Question ID:26284 A structural family therapist would most likely use which of the following techniques when working with a family consisting of a mother and father who constantly argue, a teenage son who is overly dependent on his mother, and a 9-year-old daughter who has asthma and other physical symptoms?
Select one:
a. pointing out and discussing the origins of dysfunctional transactions between family members when they occur
b. helping the parents understand how unresolved family-of-origin issues are impacting their relationships with each other and their children
c. becoming therapeutically “triangled” into the spousal dyad to reduce tension and increase stability
d. blending with the family by adopting its language, behaviors, and style

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Question ID:26287 Bateson and his colleagues (1956) described double-bind communication as a cause of which of the following?
Select one:
a. suicide
b. divorce 
c. Schizophrenia
d. Anorexia Nervosa

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Question ID:26283 During an argument, a husband and wife keep trying to outdo one another in terms of insults. This is one of the possible outcomes of:
Select one:
a. high-context communication.
b. low-context communication. 
c. complementary communication.
d. symmetrical communication.

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Question ID:26302 After a therapy group has been together for several months, its members start criticizing the group leader for not disclosing any information about herself. Yalom, a well-known authority on group therapy, would most likely recommend to the therapist that she:
Select one:
a. explain to group members that self-disclosure on her part would be counterproductive.
b. ask the members why they want her to disclose information about herself.
c. begin to self-disclose information about herself in a responsible manner.
d. recognize that this is a normal stage in group therapy and ignore the criticisms.

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Question ID:26305 \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ is based on the premise that illness is due to a blockage of vital life energy.
Select one:
a. Acupuncture
b. Reflexology 
c. Curanderismo
d. Hypnosis

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Question ID:26239 As described by Gerald Caplan, “theme interference” is:
Select one:
a. a barrier to primary prevention.
b. a type of transference.
c. a contributor to family dysfunction.
d. a hindrance to positive health behavior.

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Question ID:26235 The Health Belief Model (Becker, 1974) emphasizes which of the following?
Select one:
a. the individual’s locus of control.
b. the individual’s level of “hardiness.”
c. the individual’s tendency toward optimistic thinking.
d. the individual’s readiness to take action.

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Question ID:26238 Which of the following is an example of consultee-centered case consultation?
Select one:
a. helping a teacher recognize the early signs of drug abuse in high school students.
b. helping a therapist develop a treatment plan for a client with a disorder the therapist is unfamiliar with.
c. helping company managers identify methods for improving their ability to design effective employee training programs.
d. helping a school administrator identify ways to improve the effectiveness of a current teacher training program.

Question ID:26521 An advantage of using treatment manuals in clinical practice is that they:
Select one:
a. ensure that the clinician incorporates effective nonspecific factors into an intervention.
b. reduce the need for training and supervision in the selection and application of empirically supported treatments.
c. make it easier for a clinician to adapt a treatment to the individual needs of a client.
d. provide the clinician with concrete examples that illustrate the appropriate application of an intervention.

Question ID:26523 Based on his review of the psychotherapy outcome studies, Hans Eysenck (1952) concluded that:
Select one:
a. treated and untreated patients show very little improvement in symptoms.
b. treated and untreated patients both show improvement but are indistinguishable in terms of amount of improvement.
c. treated patients are consistently “better off” than untreated patients in terms of symptom improvement.
d. untreated patients are often “better off” than treated patients in terms of symptom improvement.

Question ID:26524 Research investigating the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy as a treatment for depression for older adults suggests that:
Select one:
a. older adults benefit from cognitive-behavioral therapy when its duration is brief (less than 12 sessions).
b. older adults benefit from cognitive-behavioral therapy, especially when it is conducted at a slower pace.
c. older adults benefit from cognitive-behavioral therapy only when their therapist is the same gender and similar in terms of age.
d. older adults are not likely to benefit from cognitive-behavioral therapy.

Question ID:26522 Which of the following groups has the highest rate of admission as inpatients to state and county psychiatric hospitals?
Select one:
a. married men
b. never married men
c. married women
d. never married women

Question ID:26257 Savin-Williams and Diamond (2000) compared the sexual identity trajectories of male and female sexual minority youth and found that gay males had an earlier onset than lesbians for all milestones except: Select one: a. first same-sex attraction. b. self-labeling as a homosexual. c. first same-sex sexual contact. d. first disclosure of sexual orientation.

``` Question ID:26256 When working with a middle-aged Asian couple who recently immigrated to the United States, a therapist is best advised to adopt the role of: Select one: a. knowledgeable expert. b. egalitarian collaborator. c. interested listener. d. friendly coach. ```

``` Question ID:26542 Which of the following is NOT a healthcare approach? Select one: a. The private model b. The identity development model c. The Bismarck model d. The Beveridge model ```

Question ID:26540 Training in the use of evidence-based treatments should include which of the following? Select one: a. Local and large-scale implementation b. Facilitating partnerships with community agencies and practitioners c. Neither A or B d. Both A and B

``` Question ID:26543 Methods used to encourage healthy behaviors as known as _______: Select one: a. Resilience b. Bismarck model c. Health promotion d. Evidence-based treatments ```

``` Question ID:26263 A child with a Specific Learning Disorder is most likely to also receive a diagnosis of: Select one: a. OCD. b. Enuresis. c. Intellectual Disability. d. ADHD ```

``` Question ID:26267 A person with Tourette's Disorder is MOST likely to also have which of the following? Select one: a. depressed mood b. an eating disorder c. aphasia and alcalulia d. obsessions and compulsions ```

``` Question ID:26264 Difficulties in phonological processing have been linked to: Select one: a. stuttering. b. Intellectual Disability. c. dyslexia. d. Tourette's Disorder. ```

Question ID:26265 When using the DSM-5, severity of a child's Intellectual Disability is determined by considering which of the following? Select one: a. the child's score on an individual standardized intelligence test b. the child's adaptive functioning in conceptual, social, and practical domains c. the etiology of the child's disability d. the discrepancy between the child's cognitive and adaptive functioning

Question ID:26269 Which of the following best describes ADHD in adults? Select one: a. Hyperactivity becomes less prominent while impulsivity and inattention stay the same or become more prominent. b. Impulsivity becomes less prominent while hyperactivity and inattention stay the same or become more prominent. c. Inattention becomes less prominent while hyperactivity and impulsivity stay the same or become more prominent. d. Hyperactivity and impulsivity become less prominent while inattention stays the same or becomes more prominent.

``` Question ID:26549 A 28-year old male client presents with hallucinations and bizarre delusions. His parents report that his symptoms were not preceded by an unusual or stressful event and that he has had these symptoms for about six weeks. Your tentative diagnosis is: Select one: a. Schizophrenia. b. Schizophreniform Disorder. c. Brief Psychotic Disorder. d. Schizoaffective Disorder. ```

``` Question ID:26553 If a child has Schizophrenia, his or her biological sibling has a _____ percent chance of developing the disorder. Select one: a. 5 b. 10 c. 17 d. 48 ```

Question ID:26144 A 63-year-old college professor exhibits impairments in memory and other cognitive functions and a depressed mood. Which of the following suggests that his symptoms are more likely due to "pseudodementia" than to a major or mild Neurocognitive Disorder? Select one: a. The onset of the man's symptoms was insidious. b. The man exaggerates his cognitive deficits and seems overly concerned about them. c. The man has marked deficits in both recognition and recall memory. d. The man exhibits greater impairment in declarative memory than in procedural memory.

Question ID:26142 Abnormal levels of melatonin have been linked to which of the following? Select one: a. Bipolar I Disorder b. Major Depressive Disorder with seasonal pattern c. Major Depressive Disorder with peripartum onset d. Cyclothymic Disorder

``` Question ID:26143 According to the DSM-5, the 12-month prevalence rate for Bipolar I Disorder in the United States is _____ percent. Select one: a. 0.6 b. 1.8 c. 3.2 d. 5 ```

Question ID:26146 Lewinsohn's (1974) behavioral model attributes depression to: Select one: a. internal, stable, and global attributions for negative life events. b. inadequate stimulus discrimination. c. emotion dysregulation. d. a low rate of response-contingent reinforcement.

Question ID:26122 It is generally agreed that, when treating a child for school refusal, the initial intervention should be to: Select one: a. begin family therapy. b. identify factors that are reinforcing nonattendance. c. temporarily remove the child from the school environment. d. get the child back to school as soon as possible.

Question ID:26118 The diagnosis of Reactive Attachment Disorder requires: Select one: a. evidence of self-injurious behavior. b. an onset of at least some symptoms prior to two years of age. c. a persistence of symptoms for at least two months. d. evidence that symptoms are due to extreme insufficient care.

Question ID:26124 The rates of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder are: Select one: a. higher for males in childhood but about equal for males and females in adulthood. b. higher for females in childhood but about equal for males and females in adulthood. c. about equal for males and females throughout the lifespan. d. higher for females throughout the lifespan.

Question ID:26246 A hypnagogic hallucination is: Select one: a. a sense of detachment from oneself. b. a drug-induced sensory perception. c. a vivid dream that occurs just before waking up. d. a vivid dream-like sensation that occurs just before falling asleep.

``` Question ID:26250 At least eight times in the past month, Mark has experienced a sudden arousal from sleep that starts with a loud scream and is accompanied by signs of autonomic arousal. When his partner tries to comfort him during these episodes, Mark does not respond and, in the morning, does not remember what happened. Assuming that Mark's episodes usually happen in the first third of the night during stage 3 or 4 sleep, the most likely diagnosis is which of the following? Select one: a. Narcolepsy b. Nightmare Disorder c. Non-REM Sleep Arousal Disorder d. REM Sleep Behavior Disorder ```

Question ID:26252 Dissociative Amnesia is most associated with: Select one: a. a loss of memory for events from the distant past. b. an inability to recall personal information. c. an inability to form new sensory memories. d. an inability to attach emotions to memories.

``` Question ID:26247 Lead poisoning is associated with which of the following disorders? Select one: a. Tourette's Disorder b. Rumination Disorder c. Pica d. Enuresis ```

Question ID:26251 Research evaluating the effects of imipramine as a treatment for Enuresis suggests that it is: Select one: a. more effective than the bell-and-pad. b. less effective than the bell-and-pad in terms of long-term effects. c. about equally effective as the bell-and-pad in terms of both short- and long-term effects. d. ineffective in terms of both short- and long-term effects.

Question ID:26253 The research suggests that a person with Anorexia Nervosa restricts his or her food intake to alleviate restlessness, anxiety, and obsessive thinking, which are caused by: Select one: a. higher-than-normal levels of serotonin. b. lower-than-normal levels of serotonin. c. higher-than-normal levels of dopamine. d. lower-than-normal levels of dopamine.