PT1 Flashcards

Question 1

Q

Question ID #14353: A dimensional approach to diagnosis is based on a(n) \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ of attributes. 
Select one: 
a. quantification 
b. categorization  
c. exclusion 
d. dichotomization

Question 2

Q

Question ID #17441: The Spearman-Brown formula is used to:
Select one:
A. estimate the effects of increasing or decreasing the length of a test on its reliability coefficient.
B. estimate what a predictors validity coefficient would be if the predictor and/or criterion were perfectly reliable.
C. determine the range within which an examinees true score is likely to fall given his/her obtained score.
D. determine if adding or subtracting a predictor to the multiple regression equation will have a significant effect on its predictive accuracy.

Question 3

Q

Question ID #12911: Which of the following would NOT be useful for alleviating the psychotic symptoms associated with schizophrenia or other psychotic disorder? 
Select one: 
A. risperidone (Risperdal) 
B. olanzapine (Zyprexa)  
C. chlorpromazine (Thorazine) 
D. carbamazepine (Tegretol)

Question 4

Q

Question ID #66: An “extinction burst” occurs when:
Select one:
A. a primary reinforcer loses its reinforcing value.
B. a previously non-reinforced behavior is reinforced.
C. reinforcement for a previously reinforced behavior is removed.
D. an extinguished behavior is accidentally reinforced.

Question 5

Q

Question ID #799: In the context of the Rorschach test, form quality indicates:
Select one:
A. what aspect of the inkblot determined the response.
B. the degree of congruence between the response and reality.
C. the extent to which the response is based on an unusual or common detail. D. the extent to which form is well integrated with other determinants.

Question 6

Q

Question ID #12927: According to _______________, depression is attributable to deficits in self-monitoring, self evaluation, and self-reinforcement.
Select one:
A. Bandura’s self-efficacy model
B. Rehm’s self-control theory
C. Seligman’s learned helplessness model
D. Swann’s self-verification theory

Question 7

Q

Question ID #1959: To ensure that a work sample has adequate content validity, you would:
Select one:
A. make sure that the skills required by the work sample represent the skill domain required by the job.
B. make sure that performance on the work sample accurately distinguishes between successful and unsuccessful workers.
C. determine if performance on the work sample corresponds to current on-the-job performance.
D. determine if performance on the work sample accurately predicts on-the-job performance in the future.

Question 8

Q

Question ID #8090: The three components of a needs assessment are:
Select one:
A. microsystem, macrosystem, and exosystem.
B. unfreezing, changing, refreezing.
C. worker satisfaction, worker performance, and organizational effectiveness.
D. organization analysis, task analysis, and person analysis.

Question 9

Q

Question ID #680: In their study of outpatient mental health services in Los Angeles County, Sue et al. (1991) found that, while clients from all groups showed improvement at the end of therapy, \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ had the best outcomes. 
Select one: 
A. African Americans 
B. Anglo Americans  
C. Asian Americans 
D. Hispanic Americans

Question 10

Q

Question ID #1296: Which of the following individuals is at highest risk for migraine headache?
Select one:
A. a 35 year old female who is perfectionistic and ambitious
B. a 60 year old female who is sensitive and conscientious
C. a 35 year old male who is competitive and stressed
D. a 50 year old male who exercises regularly and drinks alcohol

Question 11

Q

Question ID #554: Older adults are at a particularly high risk for \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_, with the risk being increased by medical illness and surgery. 
Select one: 
A. depersonalization 
B. derealization 
C. dementia  
D. delirium

Question 12

Q

Question ID #1396: It would be acceptable to include client testimonials in an advertisement or brochure for your services as long as:
Select one:
A. the testimonials are not from current therapy clients.
B. the testimonials have not been directly solicited by you from current or past clients.
C. the testimonials are not from current clients or others who are susceptible to exploitation.
D. the testimonials have not been solicited from current clients or from others who are vulnerable to undue influence.

Question 13

Q

Question ID #38898: Alcohol Withdrawal is characterized by:
Select one:
a. dysphoric mood, vivid dreams, insomnia or hypersomnia, and increased appetite.
b. hand tremor, insomnia, hallucinations, and seizures.
c. incoordination, nystagmus, impaired memory, and mood lability.
d. dysphoric mood, pupillary dilation, insomnia, and fever.

Question 14

Q

Question ID #1891: To use scores obtained on the eight subscales of the Parental Activities Scale to predict scores on the five subscales of the Child Adjustment Profile, you would use: 
Select one: 
A. multiple regression. 
B. canonical correlation.  
C. multiple discriminant analysis. 
D. cluster analysis

Question 15

Q

Question ID #1684: John Conger (1956) offered the tension-reduction model of alcohol consumption as an explanation for: 
Select one: 
A. satiation. 
B. habituation. 
C. addiction.  
D. tolerance.

Question 16

Q

Question ID #1152: A problem with bounded rationality is that decision makers often examine possible alternatives only until a solution that meets minimal requirements is found and then stop looking for better alternatives. This is referred to as: 
Select one: 
A. minimizing. 
B. polarizing. 
C. suboptimizing. 
D. satisficing.

Question 17

Q

Question ID #14332: Which of the following describes the correct sequence of events that occur during an action potential?
Select one:
A. Potassium (K+) enters the cell and the cell depolarizes; then sodium (Na+) leaves the cell and the cell repolarizes.
B. Potassium (K+) leaves the cell and the cell hyperpolarizes; then sodium (Na+) enters the cell and the cell repolarizes.
C. Sodium (Na+) enters the cell and the cell depolarizes; then potassium (K+) leaves the cell and the cell repolarizes.
D. Sodium (Na+) leaves the cell and the cell hyperpolarizes; then potassium enters the cell and the cell repolarizes.

Question 18

Q

Question ID #693: When using the Adult Attachment Interview, a mother will be classified as \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ if she describes her parents in positive terms (e.g., "Dad was a very loving person") but either reports negative interactions with her parents or says she can't remember any early interactions with them. 
Select one: 
A. dismissing  
B. preoccupied 
C. unresolved/disorganized 
D. resistant

Question 19

Q

Question ID #321: Jung’s theory differs from Freud’s in all of the following ways except:
Select one:
A. Jung’s perspective reflects a more optimistic view of human nature.
B. Jung promoted a more active interchange between analyst and patient.
C. Jung conceptualized the psyche as continuing to evolve throughout the lifespan.
D. Jung replaced the concept of the ego with the concepts of the self and the ideal-self.

Question 20

Q

Question ID #38897: Use of which of the following substances is NOT likely to produce a Substance-Induced Psychotic Disorder? 
Select one: 
A. alcohol  
B. cannabis 
C. cocaine 
D. opioids

Question 21

Q

Question ID #1649: Incentive/reward theory implies that which of the following is most important for ensuring worker motivation?
Select one:
A. clearly tying rewards and punishments to effective performance
B. making jobs interesting, attractive, and satisfying
C. explicitly linking individual goals to organizational goals
D. allowing workers to identify their preferred benefits

Question 22

Q

Question ID #17410: Based on her review of the existing models of gay and lesbian identity development, Sophie (1985/86) developed a general stage theory of lesbian identity development, which she tested on several women who were currently experiencing changes with regard to their sexual orientation. Which of the following accurately presents Sophie’s four stages?
Select one:
A. identity confusion, identity comparison, identity acceptance, and identity pride
B. sensitization, identify confusion, identity assumption, and identity integration
C. first awareness, testing and exploration, identity acceptance, and identity integration
D. pre-encounter, encounter, immersion-emersion, and internalization

Question 23

Q

Question ID #527: A strategic family therapist is working with a family in which the husband and wife have avoided their own conflicts by focusing their attention on the problems of their 9-year old son. The therapist in this situation is most likely to:
Select one:
A. educate the parents about “triangulation.”
B. obtain a detailed family history from the husband and wife to identify the pattern of interactions in their families of origin.
C. give the husband and wife a homework assignment designed to foster recognition of the conflicts that exist between them.
D. use “circular questions” to help family members gain insight into each other’s perspectives.

Question 24

Q

Question ID #38677: Which of the following suggests that a DSM-5 diagnosis of Anorexia Nervosa is more appropriate than a diagnosis of Bulimia Nervosa?
Select one:
A. the presence of episodes of binging and purging
B. a disturbance in body image
C. menstrual irregularities
D. persistent restriction of energy intake

Question 25

Q

Question ID #8030: The review process used by managed care organizations (MCOs) to ensure that providers meet and maintain the requirements to participate in a health plan is referred to as: 
Select one: 
A. concurrent review. 
B. credentialing. 
C. quality management.  
D. clinical audit.

Question 26

Q

Question ID #1806: A husband and wife avoid conflicts with one another by focusing their attention on helping their child overcome his difficulties at school. As described by Minuchin, this is an example of: 
Select one: 
A. reframing. 
B. detouring.  
C. stable coalition. 
D. triangulation.

Question 27

Q

Question ID #17367: Anomia is a likely outcome of damage to which of the following areas of the brain? 
Select one: 
A. somatosensory cortex 
B. mammillary bodies 
C. Wernickes area  
D. Papezs circuit

Question 28

Q

Question ID #714: Although it is necessary to avoid stereotypes when providing services to members of ethnic and racial minority groups, some generalizations are often made. For example, when working with Hispanic and Hispanic American clients, it is important to keep in mind all of the following except:
Select one:
A. different levels of acculturation among Hispanics can influence their perceptions of and responses to therapy.
B. family therapy is often contraindicated because of the hierarchical nature of the Hispanic family.
C. behavioral and other active, problem-oriented therapies are usually more acceptable than insight-oriented therapies.
D. sex-roles tend to be demarcated clearly and are fairly rigid.

Question 29

Q

Question ID #445: A 2-1/2 year old whines until his mother picks him up. In this situation, the mother's behavior is being controlled by which of the following? 
Select one: 
A. positive reinforcement  
B. negative reinforcement 
C. positive punishment 
D. negative punishment

Question 30

Q

Question ID #1639: As described by Sue and Sue (1999), “playing it cool” and “Uncle Tom Syndrome” are:
Select one:
A. signs of an internal locus of control.
B. survival mechanisms.
C. characteristics of the immersion-emersion stage of racial/cultural identity development.
D. signs of functional (versus cultural) paranoia.

Question 31

Q

Question ID #1744: An evaluation of a defendant's competence in a criminal court case is conducted to determine his/her mental status: 
Select one: 
A. at the time of the evaluation.  
B. at the time the crime was committed. 
C. at the time of the arrest. 
D. prior to committing the crime.

Question 32

Q

Question ID #36776: People using the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ heuristic base their judgments on resemblances and similarities. 
Select one: 
A. availability  
B. representativeness 
C. simulation 
D. anchoring

Question 33

Q

Question ID #1436: In the book,A Theory of Multicultural Counseling and Therapy,Sue, Ivey, and Pedersen (1996) describe three multicultural counseling competencies. These are:
Select one:
A. ability, knowledge, and sensitivity.
B. flexibility, sensitivity, and awareness.
C. awareness, knowledge, and skills.
D. self-awareness, expertise, and strategies.

Question 34

Q

Question ID #1597: An insurance company is conducting a peer review and requests that you provide it with information about a current client whose fee is being paid by the company. In this situation, you are best advised to:
Select one:
A. provide the company with the requested information only if the client is willing for you to do so.
B. provide the company with only that information you believe to be pertinent to the review.
C. provide the company with relevant information after ensuring that it is aware of the need to maintain confidentiality.
D. provide the company with the requested information because the client waived confidentiality when he/she signed the insurance form.

Question 35

Q

Question ID #624: Studies looking at the impact of gender on reactions to crowding have found that:
Select one:
A. women cope with crowding better than men do in both laboratory and residential settings.
B. men cope with crowding better than women do in both laboratory and residential settings.
C. women cope with crowding better than men do in laboratory settings but men cope with crowding better in residential settings.
D. men cope with crowding better than women do in laboratory settings but women cope with crowding better in residential settings.

Question 36

Q

Question ID #1240: Following a head injury, a middle-aged man experiences a loss of sensation in the fingers of his left hand. Most likely the damage involves the: 
Select one: 
A. postcentral gyrus.  
B. precentral gyrus. 
C. lateral fissure. 
D. precentral sulcus.

Question 37

Q

Question ID #19313: In the context of Porter and Lawler’s (1968) expectancy theory, refers to the belief that meeting job performance goals will lead to certain outcomes.

Select one:
A.	valence
B.	instrumentality
C.	vigor
D.	expectancy

Question 38

Q

Question ID #36774: Research investigating the usefulness of the serial position effect for detecting malingering provides some evidence that, in comparison to patients with traumatic brain injury, volunteers instructed to malinger (i.e., to feign brain injury) are:

Select one:
A. less likely to exhibit a primacy effect.
B. less likely to exhibit a recency effect.
C. less likely to exhibit a primacy and a recency effect.
D. more likely to exhibit a primacy and a recency effect.

Question 39

Q

Question ID #1538: To reduce a five-year old’s nighttime fear of the dark, the most effective treatment would be:

Select one:
A. coping self-statements and positive imagery.
B. in vivo exposure with response prevention.
C. stress inoculation.
D. covert sensitization.

Question 40

Q

Question ID #8063: Kandel and Schwartz (1982) studied habituation in Aplysia, an invertebrate marine animal, in order to obtain information on:

Select one:
A. neuronal processes underlying memory.
B. environmental factors that impact sensory memory.
C. neuronal processes underlying sexual behavior.
D. environmental factors that affect goal-directed behavior.

Question 41

Q

Question ID #1740: A number of studies have been conducted in the last decade to examine the interaction between cognition and affect. One consistent finding of this research is that:

Select one:
A. people in a positive mood perceive, encode, and retrieve positive, neutral, and negative information with equal efficiency and more efficiently than people in a negative mood.
B. people in a positive mood perceive, encode, and retrieve neutral information most efficiently, while people in a negative mood perceive, encode, and retrieve positive and negative information most efficiently.
C. people in a positive mood perceive, encode, and retrieve positive information more efficiently, while people in a negative mood perceive, encode, and retrieve negative information more efficiently.
D. there is no consistent relationship between mood and the perception, encoding, and retrieval of positive or negative information.

Question 42

Q

Question ID #1123: The rational-economic model of decision-making views decision-makers as attempting to make:

Select one:
A.	satisficing decisions.  
B.	bounded decisions.
C.	representative decisions.
D.	optimal decisions.

Question 43

Q

Question ID #19352: According to Janis (1972), groupthink is most likely to occur when:

Select one:
A. a group is highly cohesive.
B. a group has a “laissez-faire” leader.
C. group members have low levels of organizational commitment.
D. group members are overly influenced by outside opinions.

Question 44

Q

Question ID #38895: A 12-year-old boy’s mother says her son is very argumentative, doesn’t do what he is asked to do, and frequently bullies and threatens his sister and classmates at school. Also, in the past year, the boy has skipped school at least a half dozen times, ran away from home for two days on three different occasions, and was expelled from school for throwing a rock through a school window. The mother has been divorced for four years, and she says that these problems started several months after she remarried two years ago. Based on these symptoms, the most likely diagnosis for the boy is:

Select one:

a. Child or Adolescent Antisocial Behavior.
b. Adjustment Disorder with disturbance of conduct.
c. Oppositional Defiant Disorder.
d. Conduct Disorder.

Question 45

Q

Question ID #802: From the perspective of the situational leadership model, a “telling” leadership style is most effective when an employee is:

Select one:
A. low in ability and low in willingness.
B. low in ability and high in willingness.
C. high in ability and low in willingness.
D. high in ability and high in willingness.

Question 46

Q

Question ID #1044: Children’s understanding of race as a physical, social, and biological category is usually first evident by years of age.

Select one:
A.	4
B.	6
C.	10  
D.	13

Question 47

Q

Question ID #1412: A person is most likely to be happy in a job that involves working with tools and objects, requires physical strength, and provides regular feedback in the form of practical results if his/her highest score is on the
subscale of Holland’s Self-Directed Search.

Select one:
A.	investigative
B.	mechanical
C.	conventional
D.	realistic

Question 48

Q

Question ID #428: To determine the degree of association between pregnancy status (pregnant or not) and the number of items selected on a stress event checklist, you would use which of the following?

Select one:
A.	Pearson r
B.	Spearman rho
C.	biserial
D.	point biserial

Question 49

Q

Question ID #1702: According to Erikson, successful resolution of the final stage of psychosocial development involves which of the following?

Select one:
A.	identity
B.	intimacy
C.	wisdom  
D.	hope

Question 50

Q

Question ID #38672: Based on the initial evaluation of a 15-year-old boy, a clinician believes the nature and number of his symptoms suggest a DSM-5 diagnosis of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, predominantly inattentive presentation. Before assigning the diagnosis, the clinician will want to confirm that some symptoms were present before the boy was years of age and that he exhibits them in at least settings.

Select one:
A. 7; 2
B. 12; 2  
C. 6; 3
D. 10; 3

Question 51

Q

Question ID #1905: Prospective memory:

Select one:
A. is an aspect of working memory.
B. contains memories of one’s personal experiences.
C. refers to “remembering to remember.”
D. refers to “knowing about knowing.”

Question 52

Q

Question ID #26: Don Jackson, Murray Bowen, and a number of pioneers in the field of family therapy had a psychodynamic background, which they incorporated, to some degree, in their approach to family therapy. However, it is the psychoanalyst who is generally identified as the first to formally adapt and apply psychoanalytic principles to the understanding of the family.

Select one:
A.	Nathan Ackerman  
B.	Carl Whitaker
C.	Richard Stuart
D.	Robert Liberman

Question 53

Q

Question ID #16911: Which of the following is likely to be least effective when working with American Indian or Alaskan Native therapy clients?

Select one:
A. promoting a value free environment in therapy
B. adopting a holistic perspective that regards illness as a result of multiple factors
C. incorporating traditional healers and practices into the treatment process
D. adopting a client-centered approach that avoids highly directive techniques

Question 54

Q

Question ID #921: Soon after birth, infants express, through facial expression:

Select one:
A.	discomfort, interest, and surprise.  
B.	distress, interest, and disgust.
C.	joy, disgust, and fear.
D.	joy, anger, and surprise.

Question 55

Q

Question ID #8050: According to Piaget’s theory of cognitive development, emergence of the ability to create mental representations of reality occurs between the ages of:

Select one:
A.	4 to 8 months.  
B.	8 to 12 months.
C.	12 to 18 months.
D.	18 to 24 months.

Question 56

Q

Question ID #8052: In his study of moral development, Kohlberg presented research participants with stories that posed a conflict between two moral dilemmas. In the most famous of these stories, the “ dilemma,” participants were presented with a choice between the value of obeying the law and the value of human life.

Select one:
A.	Clever Hans
B.	Good Boy/Good Girl
C.	Hawthorne
D.	Heinz

Question 57

Q

Question ID #1549: According to Irvin Yalom (1985), in group therapy, increasing intimacy and willingness to self- disclose and greater adherence to group norms are attributable to which of the following?

Select one:
A.	cohesiveness  
B.	universality
C.	identification
D.	group transferences

Question 58

Q

Question ID #17426: Hewig et al. (2008) compared the gaze patterns of heterosexual men and women as they looked at pictures of members of the opposite sex and found that:

Select one:
A. females and males both gazed at the face of a member of the opposite sex for the longest period of time.
B. females gazed at the face of a male for the longest period of time, while males gazed at the breasts of a female for the longest period of time.
C. females gazed at the hip/buttocks region of a male for the longest period of time, while males gazed at the face of a female for the longest period of time.
D. females and males both gazed at the hip/buttocks region of a member of the opposite sex for the longest period of time.

Question 59

Q

Question ID #226: To assess the reliability of a characteristic that fluctuates in severity or intensity over time, you would be best advised to use which of the following?

Select one:
A.	coefficient of equivalence
B.	coefficient of stability  
C.	coefficient of determination
D.	coefficient of internal consistency

Question 60

Q

Question ID #984: Multiple regression analysis has several advantages over the analysis of variance including all of the following except:

Select one:
A. it eliminates the need for a two-stage analysis involving a global significance test that is followed, when appropriate, by “fine grain” significance tests.
B. it is not limited to categorical (or categorized continuous) variables.
C. it enables the researcher to determine if entering additional independent variables affects the dependent variable beyond the effects found for previously entered variables.
D. it allows the researcher to estimate the effects of the independent variables on the dependent variable with the effects of measurement error removed.

Question 61

Q

Question ID #119472: Which of the following is a challenge that may arise from mandating Evidence Based Therapies?

Select one:
A. The financial cost of training all of the individuals needed.
B. The limited number of trainers with which to prepare those that are gaining skills in Evidence Based Therapies.
C. The limited number of Evidence Based Trainings.
D. The varied type and intensity of training that differs across regions.

Question 62

Q

Question ID #1432: A person with seasonal affective disorder (SAD) is most likely to exhibit which of the following symptoms?

Select one:

a. overeating and weight gain
b. loss of appetite without weight loss
c. insomnia
d. a craving for salty foods

Question 63

Q

Question ID #17754: Family therapy is probably contraindicated in which of the following situations?

Select one:
A. The presenting problem involves long-term marital conflict.
B. Family members attribute their problems to one of the members.
C. One of the family members has severe depression.
D. One of the family members has anorexia or bulimia.

Question 64

Q

Question ID #15039: The three overlapping stages of Meichenbaum and Jaremko’s (1982) stress inoculation training are:

Select one:
A. formulation, problem focus, and termination.
B. self-monitoring, self-evaluation, and self-reinforcement.
C. cognitive modeling, overt instruction, and covert instruction.
D. conceptualization, skills acquisition, and application.

Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

PT1 Flashcards

Brainscape's Knowledge Genome^TM