clinical Psy Flashcards by Kook Yin

Question ID #18628: Miracle, exception, and scaling questions are strategies used by practitioners of: 
Select one: 
A. solution-focused therapy. 
B. interpersonal psychotherapy. 
C. motivational interviewing. 
D. reality therapy.

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Question ID #17751: According to Gregory Herek (1992), violence against gays and lesbians is attributable to: 
Select one: 
A. heterosexism. 
B. homophobia. 
C. bigotry. 
D. sexual bias.

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Question ID #17715: Freud and Skinner share a(n) \_\_\_\_\_\_\_ view of behavior. 
Select one: 
A. intuitive 
B. holistic 
C. deterministic 
D. phenomenological

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Question ID #17788: A wife approaches her husband in an affectionate way. He pulls away from her; but when she begins to leave the room, he says in a hurt manner, "What's wrong? Don't you want to spend time with me?" When she protests, he ignores her. This is an example of: 
Select one: 
A. mystification. 
B. a negative feedback loop. 
C. dysfunctional communication. 
D. double-bind communication.

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Question ID #17726: From the perspective of Gestalt therapy, introjection is:
Select one:
A. the result of an unresolved conflict.
B. an image disturbance.
C. a boundary disturbance.
D. a defense mechanism.

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Question ID #17787: A 36-year old Asian-American woman comes to Dr. Williams, a Caucasian middle-class psychologist, at the suggestion of her physician who was unable to find a physical explanation for her symptoms. Although the woman has lived in the United States most of her life, she still lives with her parents, who are traditional in their lifestyle and values, and her social life is focused primarily in the Asian community. The woman complains primarily of physical symptoms including frequent headaches, loss of appetite, and insomnia. Being familiar with the literature on cross-cultural counseling, Dr. Williams knows she should assume an active, directive approach. This means that Dr. Williams should:
Select one:
A. suggest to the woman that she would do better with an Asian-American therapist and make a referral.
B. ask the woman if she feels sad and depressed and whether any members of her family have had similar symptoms.
C. explain to the woman that it is common among Asians to experience psychological symptoms as physical ones.
D. acknowledge the woman’s symptoms and discuss what she might do to alleviate them.

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Question ID #17706: For practitioners of Minuchin’s structural family therapy, a symptom is:
Select one:
A. both the result and cause of dysfunctional communication patterns.
B. the result of a family projection process.
C. a reflection of an “impasse.”
D. a maladaptive reaction to stress.

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Question ID #17765: A "teleological" approach is most associated with: 
Select one: 
A. Skinner. 
B. Bowen. 
C. Adler. 
D. Freud.

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Question ID #17750: According to Irvin Yalom, a leading authority on group therapy, which of the following individuals is the poorest candidate for a heterogeneous outpatient therapy group?
Select one:
A. a person experiencing anhedonia
B. a person who spends an exorbitant amount of time working
C. severely psychotic individual
D. a shy person

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Question ID #17808: A primary goal of interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT) is:
Select one:
A. resolving underlying conflicts.
B. living in an authentic, meaningful way.
C. satisfying needs in responsible ways.
D. reducing or alleviating symptoms.

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Question ID #17722: The Racial/Cultural Identity Development Model proposed by Atkinson, Morten, and Sue (1993) is based on the assumption that the stages of identity development reflect changes in:
Select one:
A. attitudes toward members of minority and dominant cultures.
B. types of interactions with members of minority and dominant cultures.
C. level of acculturation.
D. stage of ego identity development.

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Question ID #17802: For Gestalt therapists, maladaptive behavior:
Select one:
A. is a “developmental anomaly.”
B. reflects the adoption of mistaken beliefs.
C. results from the adoption of an unhealthy life script.
D. reflects a “growth disorder.”

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Question ID #17768: As defined by Jung, “individuation” refers to:
Select one:
A. the process of developing a healthy style of life.
B. the process of overcoming an inferiority complex.
C. the integration of thoughts, feelings, and actions.
D. the integration of conscious and unconscious aspects of the psyche.

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Question ID #17766: Madelyn M. strongly dislikes her older sister, Maxine, but goes out of her way to be nice to Maxine whenever they get together for family gatherings. From a psychoanalytic perspective, Madelyn is exhibiting which of the following defense mechanisms? 
Select one: 
A. regression 
B. introjection 
C. reaction formation 
D. displacement

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Question ID #17753: Providing education and job training to adolescents and young adults who have recently been released from a drug treatment program is an example of: 
Select one: 
A. primary prevention. 
B. secondary prevention. 
C. tertiary prevention.  
D. social intervention.

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Question ID #17782: Prochaska and DiClemente’s (1992) transtheoretical model is based on the assumption that an intervention is most effective when:
Select one:
A. it matches the clients stage of change.
B. it matches the clients diagnosis and symptom severity.
C. the therapist adopts the behavioral and affective style of the client.
D. the client sets his/her own therapy goals and evaluates his/her own progress

Question ID #17796: Teddy Roosevelt was weak and ill as a child but grew up to be a robust adult and coined the term "rugged individualism." He also became associated with the slogan "speak softly but carry a big stick." This outcome is predicted by \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ theory of personality. 
Select one: 
A. Adler's  
B. Rogers' 
C. Perls' 
D. Jung's

Question ID #17744: A Milan systemic family therapist will emphasize the use of which of the following in therapy? 
Select one: 
A. directives 
B. holons 
C. maneuvers, coalitions, and games 
D. circular questions

Question ID #18631: As defined by \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_, "personal constructs" are bipolar dimensions of meaning that determine how a person perceives, interprets, and predicts events. 
Select one: 
A. William Glasser 
B. Salvador Minuchin 
C. George Kelly 
D. Fritz Perls

Question ID #17784: Research by Sue and his colleagues (1991) and others has found that matching a therapist and client in terms of race/ethnicity has which of the following effects?
Select one:
A. It improves treatment outcomes and reduces premature termination for clients from all ethnic/racial groups.
B. It reduces premature termination for clients from all ethnic/racial groups; but, for those who remain in therapy, it has little impact on overall treatment outcomes for clients from any ethnic/racial group.
C. It improves treatment outcomes and reduces premature termination for members of some groups but not always for others.
D. It has no little or no effect on treatment outcomes or premature termination for clients from any ethnic/racial group.

Question ID #17792: According to Atkinson, Morten, and Sue’s (1993) Racial/Cultural Identity Development Model, an African-American therapy client in the conformity stage will most likely:
Select one:
A. prefer a Caucasian therapist.
B. be unwilling to self-disclose to a Caucasian therapist.
C. say his/her problems are directly related to racial oppression.
D. prefer a therapist who has expertise in working with African Americans.

Question ID #18632: In the context of psychotherapy research, a “placebo” ordinarily involves providing participants with which of the following?
Select one:
A. a treatment that is already known to be effective
B. a treatment that is already known to be ineffective
C. nontherapeutic interventions
D. nonspecific factors of psychotherapy

Question ID #603: An \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ intervention focuses on changing environmental conditions so that they better accommodate the characteristics of the individual. 
Select one: 
A. emic 
B. etic 
C. alloplastic
D. autoplastic

Question ID #17793: A psychotherapist is most likely to say that which of the following is the single-most stress producing aspect of his/her work?
Select one:
A. making difficult ethical and legal decisions
B. a lack of therapeutic success
C. a lack of adequate training
D. personal problems that impact therapeutic objectivity

Question ID #17789: During the tenth meeting of a therapy group, one of the co-therapists openly disagrees with the reactions of the other co-therapist to one of the group members. According to Irvin Yalom, a leading authority in the field of group therapy, such open disagreement between co-therapists is: Select one: A. counterproductive and disruptive to the group process. B. useful since it helps members see how disagreements can be resolved. C. useful as long as one of the therapists takes the side of the group member. D. useful as long as such open disagreement is an explicit group norm.

``` Question ID #119469: The triangular model of supervision puts emphasis on: Select one: A. Organizational policies B. Professional knowledge C. Supervisory relationship D. Providing service to clients ```

Question ID #17739: A feminist therapist is least likely to view which of the following as an important aspect or goal of therapy? Select one: A. identifying the sociopolitical and interpersonal forces that underlie a woman's symptoms B. reconstructing the therapeutic process so that the traditional pattern of dependence is not recreated in the therapeutic relationship C. using the therapeutic relationship as an opportunity to model appropriate behavior D. identifying and integrating the masculine and feminine aspects of the woman's personality

Question ID #17776: According to Carl Rogers, a therapist is "congruent" when the therapist: Select one: A. is able to accurately reflect the clients feelings. B. avoids becoming emotionally triangulated with the client. C. avoids making judgments about the clients behaviors. D. is authentic and nondefensive.

Question ID #17752: From the perspective of Freudian psychoanalysis, anxiety is due to: Select one: A. the inability to "construe" an event. B. a threat to one's unified self-concept. C. a feeling of being isolated and helpless in a hostile world. D. the inability to deal with an internal or external threat.

``` Question ID #18629: Which of the following therapeutic approaches is based on the assumption that people have five basic needs (survival, love and belonging, power, freedom, and fun) that act as the primary source of motivation? Select one: A. Adler's Individual Psychology B. Glasser's Reality Therapy C. Roger's Person-Centered Therapy D. Kelly's Personal Construct Therapy ```

``` Question ID #17761: Gerald Caplan (1970) described a consultee's objectivity as one of the targets of consultee centered case consultation. According to Caplan, which of the following is a potential cause of a consultee's lack of objectivity? Select one: A. symbiosis B. diagnostic overshadowing C. theme interference D. parallel process ```

``` Question ID #17795: The impact of differences in early mother-daughter and mother-son relationships on development is a central focus of: Select one: A. Jungian analytical therapy. B. reality therapy. C. Kellys personal construct theory. D. self-in-relation theory. ```

Question ID #17714: Client-centered therapists are most likely to interpret a client's heart palpitations, hyperventilation, tension headaches, and nausea as: Select one: A. the result of unresolved intrapsychic conflicts. B. manifestations of denied threats to the self-concept. C. a response to overwhelming environmental stress. D. the consequence of being unable to fulfill one's own needs.

Question ID #17799: Hypnosis is best described as a response to suggestion involving: Select one: A. a disruption in normal reality testing. B. an alteration in memory, mood, and perception. C. increased compliance to situational demands. D. a state of artificial sleep.

Question ID #17767: To incorporate the value of personalismo into therapy, a therapist will: Select one: A. integrate members of the extended family into the intervention. B. maintain a neutral attitude even when family members are discussing unpleasant topics. C. display genuine interest in the client by asking about his/her family and work or school. D. establish credibility early in therapy by demonstrating knowledge of indigenous healing practices.

Question ID #28: As defined by Murray Bowen, an emotional triangle is LEAST likely to develop in families when family members: Select one: A. are disengaged. B. are highly differentiated. C. have clear, overt rules that define their relationships. D. seek satisfaction rather than security in family relationships.

``` Question ID #17803: A structural family therapist notices that, whenever Mr. Buehler talks, Mrs. Buehler and Alphonse, their 11-year-old son, contradict what he says and criticize him. The therapist would most likely describe the behavior of the mother and son as: Select one: A. triangulation. B. a stable coalition. C. positive feedback. D. positioning. ```