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n232 > quiz 1: module 1 part A > Flashcards

quiz 1: module 1 part A Flashcards

1
Q

chronic illnesses increase in frequency with?

A

increase in age!

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2
Q

chronic illnesses are found in all socioeconomic, ethnic, cultural and racial groups. But, certain diseases..?

A

occur more frequently in certain groups than others

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3
Q

what is a barrier to preventative screening for chronic illness?

A

poverty, cultural/language barriers, social or geographic location

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4
Q

do all chronic conditions have effect on QOL?

A

no, some have little effect on QOL

others create disability or perceived disruption

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5
Q

many chronic conditions cause:

A

pain and fatigue

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6
Q

some degree of disability is usually present when?

A

in severe or advanced chronic illness

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7
Q

what is acute illness

A

curable, relatively short disease course

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8
Q

chronic illness?

A

prolonged trajectory, conditions are generally incurable

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9
Q

adjustment to chronic illness is affected by?

A

personality before the illness, unresolved anger or grief, suddenness, extent, duration of lifestyle changes, family and individual resources for stress, stage of lifecycle, previous experience

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10
Q

chronic condition defintion

A

health problems associated with symptoms or disabilities that require longer management over three months or longer
-generally long and require a systematic approach to treatment

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11
Q

what is a chronic condition a result of?

A

illness, or persistent communicable infectious disease, or genetic factors, or injury, or health-limiting behaviours

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12
Q

what is a disability?

A

restriction or lack of ability to perform an activity in a normal manner, consequences of impairment in terms of individuals functional performance or activity

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13
Q

what is impairment?

A

loss or abnormality of psychological or physiologic or anatomic structure or function at the organ level

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14
Q

secondary conditions/ disorders are?

A

any physical, mental, or social disorders resulting directly or indirectly from an initial disabling condition, a condition to which a person with a disability is more susceptible because of having a primary disabling condition

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15
Q

what does management of chronic conditions consist of?

A
  • learning to live with symptoms and coming to terms with life changes
  • self care
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16
Q

chronic illness should be viewed as..

A

SUBJECTIVE, more than a simple matter of functional impairment or discomfort

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17
Q

prevalence and cause of chronic conditions in canada?

A

16 million + live with chronic disease, 3/5 over age of 25 have at least one, account for 89% of deaths yearly, predicted to increase by 15%

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18
Q

biggest four chronic diseases?

A

cardiovascular disease
cancer
COPD
diabetes

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19
Q

leading cause of death in canada?

A

CV disease, then cancer

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20
Q

factors that contribute to rising costs of chronic disease in Canada?

A
  • aging population
  • longer life with chronic disease
  • rising treatment costs
  • economic inflation and new technology
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21
Q

how many canadian kids have chronic illness

A

30% age 6-11

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22
Q

why are chronic diseases becoming more prevalent globally?

A
  • lower infant mortality and increased life expectancy due to successful public health measures, medical advances and technology
  • improved screening and diagnostic procedures and aggressive management
  • tendency for the development of single or multiple chronic diseases with age
  • lifestyle factors and consumption patterns
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23
Q

2/3 of canadians have at least..

A

1 modifiable risk factor for chronic disease: smoking, physical inactivity, poor nutritional habits, or obesity

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24
Q

what are some challenges of living with chronic conditions?

A
  • alleviating and managing symptoms
  • psychologically adjusting to and accommodating disabilities
  • carrying out regimens are prescribed
  • validating self-worth and family functioning
  • managing threats to identity
  • finding meaning in illness experience
  • establishing support
  • dying with dignity and comfort
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25
Q

characteristic #1 of chronic conditions

A

managing chronic illness involves more than management of medical problems
-identity, emotions, role changes, self-concept, depression

26
Q

characteristic #2 of chronic conditions

A

chronic conditions usually involve many different phases over the course of a persons life

27
Q

characteristic #3 of chronic conditions

A

an important component of chronic disease management is adherence to therapeutic regiments
-isnt uncommon for people to alter their dosage etc

28
Q

characteristic #4 of chronic conditions

A

one chronic disease can lead to the development of another

29
Q

characteristic #5 of chronic conditions

A

chronic illness affects the whole family

30
Q

characteristic #6 of chronic conditions

A

major responsibility for everyday management of chronic illness falls upon the shoulders of chronically ill people and their families

31
Q

characteristic #7 of chronic conditions

A

learning to manage chronic conditions is a developmental process

32
Q

characteristic #8 of chronic conditions

A

managing chronic conditions is a collaborative process

33
Q

characteristic #9 of chronic conditions

A

medical management of chronic conditions is expensive

34
Q

characteristic #10 of chronic conditions

A

chronic conditions raise difficult ethical issues for the patient, health care professionals, and society

35
Q

characteristic #11 of chronic conditions

A

living with chronic illness means living with uncertainty

36
Q

what is patersons shifting perspectives model on understanding chronic illness?

A

chronic illness lived according to peoples situations and needs rather than according to predictable stages or phases

37
Q

millers way of understanding chronic illness

A

chronic illness as an experience that challenges ones perceptions of power

38
Q

what are corbin and strauss chronic illness trajectory model

A
  • pretrajectory phase
  • the trajectory phase
  • the stable phase
  • the unstable phase
  • the acute phase
  • the crisis phase
  • the comeback phase
  • the downward phase
  • the dying phase
39
Q

what is the pretrajectory phase`

A

person is at risk for developing a chronic condition for whatever reason

40
Q

trajectory phase

A

characterized by the onset of symptoms or disability associated with chronic condition. diagnostic tests and uncertainty need emotional support

41
Q

stable phase

A

symptoms and disability are being managed, person doing well

42
Q

unstable phase

A

exacerbation of illness symptoms, development of complications, ADLs interrupted, more tests, new regimens

43
Q

acute phase

A

sudden onset of severe or unrelieved symptoms or complications that require hospitalization for their management

44
Q

crisis phase

A

critical or life-threatening situation that requires emergency treatment

45
Q

comeback phase

A

period in the trajectory marked by recovery after an acute period. learning how to live with or overcome disabilities

46
Q

downward phase

A

marks the worsening of a condition, disease continues to progress despite attempts to gain control of treatment. doesnt mean imminent death

47
Q

dying phase

A

gradual or rapid decline in the trajectory despite efforts to halt the disorder or slow decline

48
Q

nursing care of people living with chronic conditions?

A

direct care: assessing physical status, providing wound care, managing and overseeing med regimens
-mostly supportive care unless person is hospitalized

49
Q

is every chronic condition life threatening?

A

no, and not every person passes through each phase of chronic conditions

50
Q

care by phase: applying the nursing process, Step 1

A

identifying the trajectory phase

-assessment to determine the stage and needs

51
Q

care by phase: step 2

A

establishing goals, must be collaborative and consist with abilities, desires, motivations

52
Q

care by phase: step 3

A

establishing a plan to achieve desired outcomes, realistic and mutually agreed upon

53
Q

care by phase: step 4

A

implementing the plan and interventions, possibly: providing direct care, advocacy, teaching, counselling, referral, case management

54
Q

care by phase: step 5

A

evaluating the effectiveness of interventions, maintaining stability while preserving the persons control over their life, identity, and goals

55
Q

why is teaching self care important

A

educated people are more likely to be concerned about their health and more likely to manage symptoms and recognize the onset of complications and seek care

56
Q

what should teaching look like in the hospital with chronic conditions

A

focused on what the person needs to know about the condition in order to manage once discharged to home

57
Q

6 interrelated elements of improving chronic illness care?

A
  • community resources/policies
  • organization of health system
  • self-management support
  • delivery system design and structure
  • decision support and evidence-based care
  • integrated clinical info systems
58
Q

the meaning of self-management study findings

A

qualitative study that found self management is a complex, multidimensional process that people use to create order from the disorder
-four themes

59
Q

4 themes of self management

A
  • recognizing and monitoring the boundaries
  • mobilizing resources
  • managing the shift in self-identity
  • balancing, pacing, planning, prioritizing
60
Q

who should self-management be viewed by?

A

nurses and clients offer differ in their view of what is meant by self management
-person with illness is the perspective it should be viewed by

n232 (12 decks)

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