diagnostics/labs Flashcards
inflammation can be diagnosed by which tests?
- WBC
- Differential
- C-reactive protein
- rheumatoid factor
Infection can be identified by?
- WBC
- differential
- C-reactive protein
- procalcitonin
- identification of an organism
- gram stain
- culture and sensitivity
WBCs
4-10.5 x10^9/L
- primary defense system
- lifespan is 13-20 days
- destroyed by lymphatic system
WBCs differential
neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils, lymphocytes, monocytes
neutrophils indicate? and lab number
bacterial or pyogenic infection
-2.00-6.00 x10^9/L
eosinophils indicate?
allergic or parasitic
0.0-0.45x10^9/L
basophils indicate?
parasitic or allergic
0.0-0.10 x10^9/L
lymphocytes indicate?
viral infections
1-4 x10^9L
monocytes indicate?
chronic infections (phagocytosis) 0.10-0.80x10^9/L
procalcitonin indicator of?
whether or not bacterial infection
rheumatoid factor?
positive results= likely diagnosis of rhumatoid arthritis
negative result- less than 60
CRP?
non-specific indicator of inflammation
-elevated in persons with significant inflammation
procalcitonin?
detect or rule out bacterial sepsis
- high levels= high probability of bacterial sepsis
- low levels= low probability
RBC lab values
3.8-5.20 x10^12/L
HgB lab values
120-150 g/L
HCT lab values
0.35-0.48 L/L
platelet lab values
150-400 x10^9/L
Na lab values
135-145 mmol/L
K lab values
3.5-5.0 mmol/L
Glucose lab values
3.9-11.0 mmol/L
Creatinine lab values
50-90 umol/L
GFR lab values
> 60 ml/min
PTT lab values
23-32 seconds
PT-INR lab values
0.9-1.1 seconds
hyponatremia?
not enough sodium
- weakness, confusion, ataxia, stupor, coma
- causes: diarrhea, vomiting, diuretics, no tube o/p, CRI
hypernatremia?
too much sodium
- thirst, agitation, mania, convulsions, dry mucous membrane
- increased Na+ intake, excessive free body h20 loss, cushing syndrome
hypokalemia?
not enough potassium
- decrease in contractility of smooth muscle, cardiac and skeletal, weakness, paralysis, cardiac dysrrhytmias, thirst
cause: Gi losses/disorders, diarrhea, vomiting
hyperkalemia?
irritability, diarrhea, intestinal colic
-causes: excessive dietary intake, infection
