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Psychosocial > Quiz 1- Ch 6 > Flashcards

Quiz 1- Ch 6 Flashcards

1
Q

What factors affect motivation and adherence?

A

1) locus of control
2) Self efficacy
3) Self esteem
4) Social Determinants of health

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2
Q

What is locus of control?

A

1) internal locus of control- believe they can influence what will happen to them
- -tend to be self motivated and follow suggested treatment protocols because they can make difference in their lives
- -more health oriented
2) external locus of control- believe that what happens to them is a result of outside influences or events
- -tend to be less adherent to treatment protocols because they believe their efforts will not make a difference
- Locus of control and switch between internal and external- not always one or the other, it’s fluid
- Illicit adherence: need to explore client’s beliefs about the benefits of the proposed therapy

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3
Q

What is self efficacy?

A
  • Client’s perception of reality
  • sense of competence adn ability that is related to how successful people believe they can be in accomplishing a task
  • avoid tasks if cant adequately participate or complete it
  • others believe ultimately succeed if they continue their efforts even if they are having difficulty
  • Self judge their abilities- not always accurate
  • Dynamic concept- therefore it can be changed
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4
Q

How do individuals with poor self efficacy act?

A
  • if in difficult situation misjudge their abilites, become angry and frustrated and lose focus on task
  • believe things are more difficult then they really are
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5
Q

How do individuals with strong sense of self efficacy act?

A
  • see difficult situation as more of a challenge, causing them to try harder
  • better able to cope following disability or illness
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6
Q

How to develop adherence according to self efficacy?

A
  • client must believe they can complete the task (self efficacy) and the task will benefit them (outcome expectation)
  • introduce clients to other clients with similar diagnosis who have succeed in recovery
  • establish short term goals that are very achievable
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7
Q

What is self esteem?

A

How individuals feel about themselves

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8
Q

How does self esteem affect adherence?

A

low self esteem decreases client’s motivation to participate in treatment

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9
Q

What are social determinants of health?

A
  • Race/ethnicity,
  • literacy
  • education
  • income
  • place of residence
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10
Q

Where does change occur?

A

where people live- home, work and school, but not all places have infrastructure needed to modify lifestyle

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11
Q

How do social determinants of health impact adherence?

A
  • clients have to be willing and ABLE make the desired changes
  • role of community and family impact decision making
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12
Q

What are two subgroups of social determinants listed in the book?

A

Community resources

Social support

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13
Q

How do community resources impact motivation?

A

Community resources are outside medical encounters and really help change poor habits

  • clinicians often lack knowledge of community resources and therefore don’t make referrals
  • Just providing support and information isn’t always sufficient for change
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14
Q

How does social support impact adherence?

A
  • more support is better adherence
  • more support more satisfied they are with care, resulting in greater adherence
  • social factors influence health behaviors: social enviros at home, work, and health care system support or impede health behaviors
  • greater caregiver stress = less adherence
  • if have spouse, often greater chance of adherence
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15
Q

How do we increase adherence via social support?

A
  • know about community programs and how to get a client connected
  • inform patients about community programs
  • Information empowers clients which is a strong motivator
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16
Q

What are barriers to adherence?

A
  • lack of finances, transportation, and social support
  • lack of ability- manifested as pain, fatigue, and feeling overwhelmed
  • Secondary gain
  • secondary loss
  • emotional distress (anger, anxiety, depression)
  • psychopathology
  • somatization, symptom magnification and malingering
  • comprehension
  • mental status
  • Identifying barriers is a by-product of good communication, work to mitigate once they are discovered
17
Q

What is the health belief model?

A

utilizes psychological theories of decision making to determine what actions individuals might choose when presented with various health care choices

18
Q

How does the health belief model describe adherence?

A
  • health behaviors and choices are influenced by the value people place on a potential outcome and their belief that a certain course of action would result in that desired outcome
  • must be ready to make a change
  • health related behavior depends on value placed on their health
  • believe have control = greater adherence
  • believe don’t have control = less adherence
  • impacted by people’s perceptions of their health status
  • if believe barriers are too great to over come then people less likely to change
  • need to believe value of change is stronger than consequences of not making the change
19
Q

How do you motivate patients using the health belief model?

A
  • clients’ beliefs must align with our view that western medicine provides appropriate solutions
  • need to find out client beliefs so they can be discussed and form the basis of collaborative plane of care
20
Q

What are the 5 A’s of Behavioral Intervention Protocol?

A

1) address the issue
2) assess the clients
3) advise the clients
4) assist the clients to make change
5) arrange for follow up

21
Q

What does it meant to address the issue?

A
  • make sure we have the client’s attention and that we are fully attentive
  • name the problem and present the need for intervention
22
Q

What does it mean to assess the clients

A
  • determine where they are in the stages of changes, and barriers preventing them from engaging in more healthful behaviors
  • ask what they want to change and how they plan to implement change
  • determine if previous attempts to change behavior
23
Q

What does it mean to advise the clients?

A
  • use medical role and provide information and educate patient on reasons change is needed
  • help clients understand benefits of change and consequences of not changing
24
Q

What does it mean to assist the clients?

A

where we negotiate an agreeable plan of care

25
Q

What does it mean to arrange for follow up?

A

Schedule other appointments to review progress, address barriers, and renegotiate the protocol

26
Q

Describe goals that are important to clients’ lives

A 
Tend to be:
-functional
-meaningful
-motivating
relevant goals that they help set often increases clients commitment
27
Q

What type of goals to clients successfully reach?

A
  • specific
  • challenging
  • achievable
  • have the opportunity to successfully practice the skill
  • don’t want them too high or too low
28
Q

What are things to keep in mind when setting goals?

A
  • review goals, revise as needed
  • incorporate patient’s goals in plan of care
  • develop their ideas into measurable and attainable goals
  • goals can be set to maintain or slow the rate of decline
  • educate on short term and long term goals; and show them the link between the two
29
Q

What can you have the client do increase goal adherence?

A
  • have them write out their goals in their own words
  • use a calendar or journal, help them establish realistic timelines
  • have clients sign personal contracts stating they will adhere to treatment plans
30
Q

How should providers and clients collaborate?

A
  • provide opportunities for clients to make real choices in treatment goals and planning–> stimulates clients to use own skills and resources to achieve outcomes
  • client satisfaction positively correlated with degree of client involvement
  • providers need to consider client’s previous history and incorporate into treatment
31
Q

What are barriers to collaboration?

A 
Client's:
-disabilites
-nonadherence
lack of interest in collaboration
-Provider's failure to take client's premorbid lifestyle and history into account except for in a very superficial way-->can lead to discovering motivating factors to develop an effective treatment plan
32
Q

What are the barriers perceived by clients?

A
  • Provider’s lack of time
  • uncertainty that treatment goals would be helpful
  • inadequate knowledge about how to collaborate in treatment planning

Psychosocial (10 decks)

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