Quiz 1- Ch 3 & 4

Question 1

Define acculturation

Answer 1

Process through which people in subcultures adopt traits of the larger or normative culture

Question 2

How does acculturation contribute to personal identity in a culture?

Answer 2

-Can lead to a person having bicultures
Example: chinese spends time in america, mother says daughter is not a chinese daughter anymore due to her actions; demonstrates a hybrid

Question 3

Define assimilation

Answer 3

The arriving group is totally absorbed into the dominant society. Their original culture is overridden by the dominant gorup

Question 4

How does assimilation contribute to personal identity in a culture?

Answer 4

• personal identity completely changed to dominant society culture
• Most likely to occur when individuals are not physically different from the majority culture and little educational or physical segregation

Question 5

Define biculturism

Answer 5

indiviudals who have strong connections to both ethe original culture and the majority culture
Ex: dress and speak like majority culture in public, at home speak original language and eat original culture food

Question 6

Rate of acculturation depends on

Answer 6

• age- younger acculturate more quickly than older people
• length of time in new culture
• place of residence (living with people from native culture or the majority culture)
• language spoken at home
• amount of contact with the country of origin

Question 7

What are the dimensions of worldview?

Answer 7

1) social organization and relationships
2) time orientation
3) activity orientation and levels of environmental control
4) use of space
5) communication between people

Question 8

What is social organization and relationships?

Answer 8

Individualistic cultures: 
-privacy, self-achievement,
-autonomy, 
-independence, 
-equality
Collectivist: 
-group welfare, 
-harmony, 
-heirarchy

Question 9

What is time orientation?

Answer 9

Individualistic: 
-future oriented, 
-precise time is important, 
-plans are made, appointments are kept
Collectivist: 
-past or present oriented, 
-respect for elders, 
-"lose" control of time

Question 10

What is activity orientation/environmental control?

Answer 10

Individualistic:
-personal control over the environment and outcomes
-doing, working, achieving
-taking self charge
-self-help
-competition
Collectivist:
-fate
-Just "being"
-human interactions dominate
-cooperation
-harmony with others and nature

Question 11

What is use of space?

Answer 11

-ways culture use the body and regard visual, territorial, and interpersonal distance to others
Ex: personal boundaries- gentleman who practices Islam and women provider
-territorial space- larger area that is occupied or defended by a group or about which that group holds strong emotional ties
-Personal space- space immediately surrounding the body. Ex: intimate zone less than 18 inches in America, other cultures more and some less

Question 12

What is communication?

Answer 12

Individualistic: 
-high context
-direct
-high eye contact
-informal
Collectivist:
-low context
-indirect
-low eye contact
-formal

Question 13

What cultures are more collectivist?

Answer 13

Latino
African Americans
Asian
Native Americans

Question 14

What cultures are more individualistic?

Answer 14

Mainstream American

Anglo-European

Question 15

What is ethnocentrism?

Answer 15

Belief in the superiority of one’s culture or ethnic group

• belief that your worldview and cultural practices are “correct”–>makes others inferior and less worthy of respect
• Creates barriers when establishing relationships with those from other cultures whose beliefs or actions are perceived as odd, unacceptable, or even repugnant
• can impact who individuals see for health care or if they seek out health care at all

Question 16

What are health disparities?

Answer 16

Poverty and minority status play significant role in determining who will get sick and how they will respond when they become ill

Question 17

Describe common health disparities?

Answer 17

-more poverty seen in African american, Latinos, and other minorities vs Caucasian
-increased health desparities bc:
difficulty with language/lack common language
long waits at the doctor’s office
no insurance or difficulty paying for care
transportation issues

Question 18

What are ways health providers’ lack of cultural competence impact health outcomes?

Answer 18

• clients lack trust in health care system
• health providers lack knowledge and skills, including cultural awareness, knowledge, of cleints’ beliefs and values, and how to perform a cultural assessment
• providers are unable to acknowledge and respect clients’ spiritual, cultural, and health beliefs
• Providers who lack cultural competence have an inability to establish effective relationships with clients
• Providers fail to provide appropriate and acceptable care for clients with diverse health beliefs
• communication between clients and providers is ineffective
• The number of interpreters is insufficient

Question 19

What can happen when health disparities present?

Answer 19

-client can feel embarassed
-provider can be seen as insulting or discriminatory
-withdrawal from the health provider
-nonadherance with treatment
NEED TRUST between the patient and provider

Question 20

What are the health benefits found in adults who practice spiritual beliefs?

Answer 20

• Significantly reduced BP
• Stronger immune systems
• Fewer health problems
• Fewer hospitalizations
• Shorter length of stay when hospitalized
• Stronger social support systems
• Stronger family ties
• Stronger and healthier marriages
• Stronger sense of well-being and acceptance
• Lower rates of depression

Question 21

Where does the connection between mind body and spirit exist?

Answer 21

Limbic system- deep in brain, at level of midbrain and brainstem
-responsible for physical and emotional survival

Question 22

What are some interventions capable of reducing stress and the associated immunosuppressive substances that accompany the stress response?

Answer 22

• psychotherapy for PTSD
• mindfulness meditation to increase rate of healing skin lesions associated with psoriasis
• regular participation in a spiritual community
• routine practice of meditation or prayer
• administration of client-controlled pain medication to decrease healing time following surgery

Question 23

How does the limbic system contribute to memory and cognition?

Answer 23

1. stores memories with a social or emotional connection
2. monitors incoming info and “decides” what to remember
3. compares incoming info and previous info and “decides” how to respond
4. provides motivation for action

Question 24

How does the limbic system contribute to emotions, mood, and social settings?

Answer 24

1. regulates emotional state and mood
2. organizes social behaviors
3. facilitates self-concept and self-esteem
4. Develops attitudes and opinions about the external world

Question 25

How does the limbic system impact autonomic system?

Answer 25

1. HR, BP, and breathing
2. Hunger, thirst, digestion, elimination, fluid regulation
3. Temperature regulation, sweating
4. Attention, arousal, alertness, focus, concentration
5. Muscle tone, posture, readiness to act
6. controls levels of sensory stimulation allowed

Question 26

What can stimulate the SNS?

Answer 26

perceived stress, threat, or danger

-healthy state is when SNS and PNS are balanced