Quiz 1 Flashcards
scientific investigation of the processes or functions of living things.
Physiology
The study of the body’s organization by areas
Regional Anatomy
The study of tissue
Histology
Uses electromagnetic radiation. Radiographs create flat, two-dimensional (2D) image.
X-ray
computer-analyzed x-ray images.
Ct scan
radioactively labeled glucose usage by a tissue is detected; provides info on metabolic state.
Positron Emission Tomography (PET)
Study the structural and functional changes caused by disease.
Pathology
group of similar cells and the materials surrounding them.
Tissue
two or more tissues functioning together.
Organ
Basic unit of life
Cell
Provides protection and support, allows body movements, produces blood cells, and stores minerals and fat.
Skeletal system
Produces body movements, maintains posture, and produces body heat
Muscular system
Transports nutrients, waste products, gases, and hormones throughout the body,
Cardiovascular system
the ability to used energy to perform vital functions
Metabolism
changes in an organism over time.
Development
maintenance of relatively constant internal environment within the body
Homeostasis
establishes the set point and receives input from the receptor.
Control System
When a deviation occurs, the response is to make the deviation greater (EX: Childbirth)
Positive feedback mechanism
Counteracts a change in a variable by decreasing the change to help maintain homeostasis by returning to the set point.
Negative feedback mechanism
monitors the value of some variable by detecting a stimulus (a change in the variable)
Receptor
lying face downward
Prone
toward the attached end of a limb
Proximal
Away from the midline of the body
Lateral
toward the back. (Posterior)
Dorsal
divides body into anterior and posterior sections.
Frontal
divides body into superior and inferior sections.
Transverse
divides body into left and right portions.
Saggital
cavity that houses the spinal cord.
Vertebral Canal
Cover the organs of body cavities and line the cavity.
Serous membrane
surrounds the lungs and lines the thoracic cavity
Pleura
the gravitational force acting on an object of a given mass
Weight
smallest particle of an element that has chemical characteristics of that element
Atom
positive charge subunit of atom
Proton
electrons are transferred from one atom to another
Ionic bonding
atoms that have gained or lost 1 or more electrons
Ions
are positively charged ions because they lost electrons.
Cations
covarent bond where Electrons shared equally
Non polar covalent
two or more atoms chemically combined to form an independent unit.
Molecules
the ions separate and each becomes surrounded by water molecules (term separation)
Dissociation
solutions made by the dissociation of cations (+) and anions (-) in water. Have the capacity to conduct an electric current
Electrolytes
substances that enter into a chemical reaction
Reactants
substances that enter into a chemical reaction
Reactants
Break down of larger molecules. Collective term for decomposition reactions
Catabolism
synthetic reaction where water is a product
Dehydration
Chemical reactions in which the reaction can proceed either from reactants to products or from products to reactants.
Reversible reaction
the complete or partial loss of an electron by one atom is accompanied by the gain of that electron by another atom.
Oxidation reduction reaction
the complete or partial loss of an electron by one atom is accompanied by the gain of that electron by another atom.
Oxidation reduction reaction
is the capacity to do work
Energy
energy stored in chemical bonds; energy that could do work if it were released.
Potential Energy
energy stored in chemical bonds; energy that could do work if it were released.
Potential Energy
energy resulting from the position or movement of objects.
Kinetic energy
energy that flows between objects of different temperatures.
Heat energy
energy that flows between objects of different temperatures.
Heat energy
minimum energy reactants must have to start a chemical reaction.
Activation Energy
substances that increase the rate of chemical reactions
Catalyst
study of carbon-containing substances.
Organic Chemistry
Its polar nature influences interaction with other molecules
Water
is the attraction of one water molecule to another water molecule
Cohesion
materials separate unless stirred.
Suspension
measure of number of particles of solute per volume of solution.
Concentration
pH of less than 7 with a greater concentration of hydrogen ions
Acid
this combination resists changes in pH
Buffer
required in the final step in the series of reactions used to extract energy from food.
Oxygen
composed of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen. Main Energy sources, structure, and bulk for elimination.
Carbohydrates
One unit/Simple sugars; major one is glucose.
Monosaccharides
Ingested and broken down by hydrolysis. protection, insulation, physiological regulation, component of
,energy storage.
Lipids fats
contains all single bonds in the carbon chain, which produces a more rigid structure
Saturated fatty acids
contains all single bonds in the carbon chain, which produces a more rigid structure
Saturated fatty acids
building blocks of protein.
Amino acids
reaction occurs when reactants bind to active site.
Lock and key mode
are composed of nucleotides.
Nucleic acids
Energy currency of the body
ATP
protein catalysts that increase the rate of chemical reactions by lowering the activation energy necessary for reaction to begin.
Enzyme
major regulatory system that detects sensations and controls movements, physiological processes, and intellectual functions.
Nervous System
major regulatory system that detects sensations and controls movements, physiological processes, and intellectual functions.
Nervous System
If the valence level is full with eight electrons (called an?)
Octet
