Quiz 1

Question 1

opportunistic pathogens

Answer 1

normally harmless but can be infectious when given the chance

Question 2

Risk Groups are categorized by:

Answer 2

the relative risk a microorganism presents to the person who is using it and/or being exposed to it

Question 3

Direct transmission

Answer 3

from the reservoir to the susceptible host: direct contact and droplet spread

Question 4

Indirect transmission

Answer 4

Airborne (dust, droplet nuclei), vehicle-borne (water, food fomites, bodily fluids), vector-borne(ticks, fleas, mosquitoes)

Question 5

Biosafety levels

Answer 5

Level of containment and required procedures for a microorganism

Question 6

BSL 2 Examples

Answer 6

Hepatitis B virus, Staphylococcus aureus, salmonella

Question 7

BSL 3 Examples

Answer 7

Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Coxiella burnetii

Question 8

BSL 4 Examples

Answer 8

Ebola virus, Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever

Question 9

3 major bacterial morphologies

Answer 9

Bacillus(rod), coccus(spherical), and helical/curved

Question 10

What kingdom are bacteria in?

Answer 10

Monera

Question 11

Total magnification =

Answer 11

ocular lens x objective lens

Question 12

Resolution

Answer 12

ability to identify detail, the closest two points can be distinguished from one another

Question 13

Numerical aperture

Answer 13

lens ability to capture light

Question 14

basic dyes charge and examples

Answer 14

positive; safranin, crystal violet, methylene blue

Question 15

acidic dyes charge and examples

Answer 15

negative(same as bacteria); nigrosin, eosin

Question 16

purpose of heat fixing

Answer 16

kill the bacteria; fix them to the slide; coagulate proteins to be more visible

Question 17

negative staining is useful for

Answer 17

cell morphology and size because no heat fixing means no cell distortion

Question 18

RG 1 description and examples

Answer 18

organisms are not associated with disease in a healthy adult human
Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli B, Micrococcus luteus

Question 19

RG 2 description and examples

Answer 19

organisms are associated with disease that is rarely serious and for which preventative measures or effective treatment are available
Proteus mirabilis, Salmonella typhimurium, Staphylococcus aureus

Question 20

RG 3 description and examples

Answer 20

organisms are associated with lethal human disease for which preventative measures or effective treatment may be available
Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Yersinia pestis

Question 21

RG 4 description and examples

Answer 21

organisms are associated with lethal human disease for which preventative measures or effective treatment are not available
Guanarito virus, Machupo virus, Ebola virus

Question 22

kingdom that bacteria belong to

Answer 22

Monera

Question 23

size of bacteria

Answer 23

0.5um-10um

Question 24

limit of resolution (D) =

Answer 24

wavelength/(NA condenser x NA objective lens)