Quiz 1 Flashcards
opportunistic pathogens
normally harmless but can be infectious when given the chance
Risk Groups are categorized by:
the relative risk a microorganism presents to the person who is using it and/or being exposed to it
Direct transmission
from the reservoir to the susceptible host: direct contact and droplet spread
Indirect transmission
Airborne (dust, droplet nuclei), vehicle-borne (water, food fomites, bodily fluids), vector-borne(ticks, fleas, mosquitoes)
Biosafety levels
Level of containment and required procedures for a microorganism
BSL 2 Examples
Hepatitis B virus, Staphylococcus aureus, salmonella
BSL 3 Examples
Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Coxiella burnetii
BSL 4 Examples
Ebola virus, Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever
3 major bacterial morphologies
Bacillus(rod), coccus(spherical), and helical/curved
What kingdom are bacteria in?
Monera
Total magnification =
ocular lens x objective lens
Resolution
ability to identify detail, the closest two points can be distinguished from one another
Numerical aperture
lens ability to capture light
basic dyes charge and examples
positive; safranin, crystal violet, methylene blue
acidic dyes charge and examples
negative(same as bacteria); nigrosin, eosin
purpose of heat fixing
kill the bacteria; fix them to the slide; coagulate proteins to be more visible
negative staining is useful for
cell morphology and size because no heat fixing means no cell distortion
RG 1 description and examples
organisms are not associated with disease in a healthy adult human
Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli B, Micrococcus luteus
RG 2 description and examples
organisms are associated with disease that is rarely serious and for which preventative measures or effective treatment are available
Proteus mirabilis, Salmonella typhimurium, Staphylococcus aureus
RG 3 description and examples
organisms are associated with lethal human disease for which preventative measures or effective treatment may be available
Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Yersinia pestis
RG 4 description and examples
organisms are associated with lethal human disease for which preventative measures or effective treatment are not available
Guanarito virus, Machupo virus, Ebola virus
kingdom that bacteria belong to
Monera
size of bacteria
0.5um-10um
limit of resolution (D) =
wavelength/(NA condenser x NA objective lens)
