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Emergency Response to Hazardous Material and Terrorism > Quiz 1 > Flashcards

Quiz 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

red zone

A
  • hot zone
  • exclusion zone
  • must be decontaminated
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2
Q

warm zone

A
  • yellow zone
  • contamination reduction zone
  • transitional
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3
Q

cold zone

A
  • green zone
  • support zone
  • not exposed
  • may have witnessed but not exposed
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4
Q

wind and depth

A
  • its good to be upwind and uphill

- avoids spills and gas

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5
Q

diaster

A
  • an occurrence of a natural catastrophe, technological accident, or human caused event that has resulted in severe property, damage, death, and/or multiple injuries
  • multiple can happen at the same time- ex. manmade and mechanical -> fukashima, 9/11 (manmade/technological)
  • disasters are categorized
  • FEMA
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6
Q

problems in manufacturing chemicals

A

-we dont know what the chemical does when making it
-we dont know the longterm effects
-mistakes can happen (spills)
-transportation issues
-waste disposal issues
-
-10 million new chemicals are made a year

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7
Q

how do we detect a HazMat incident

A
  • placerds

- identification signs on the materials

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8
Q

what do we do during an incident

A

-stay away
-time distance and shielding (one method)
-

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9
Q

which organizations are involved in HazMat

A
  • US environmental protection agency (EPA)
  • US occupational safety and health administration (OSHA)
  • US department of transportation (DOT)
  • US nuclear regulatory commission (NRC)
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10
Q

US environmental protection agency (EPA)

A

look after the environment and protect it (fresh water, waste disposal)

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11
Q

US occupational safety and health administration (OSHA)

A

safety in the workplace

  • hazardous waste operations and emergency response (HAZWOPER)*- manual explains how we respond to anything and everything
  • training protocols
  • dictates how we respond to HazMat
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12
Q

US department of transportation (DOT)

A

planes, trains, automobiles -> transportation of chemicals

  • has their own system for classification of chemicals
  • they determine where placards go on vehicles
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13
Q

US nuclear regulatory commission (NRC)

A

deals with anything nuclear

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14
Q

FAA: hazardous materials safety program

A
  • regulatory body
  • protects the airline industry
  • heavily regulates chemical transportation via plane
  • public transportation
  • airline industry is a zero fail industry -> cannot have any failure because people will die
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15
Q

Class 1

A

explosives

-orange

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16
Q

class 2

A
  • gases
  • flammable gases
  • nonfalmmable gases
  • toxic/non-toxic
  • inhalation hazards
  • oxygen
  • red
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17
Q

class 3

A
  • compustable liquids

- flammable liquids

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18
Q

class 4

A
  • flammable solids
  • dangerous when wet
  • spontaneously combustible
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19
Q

class 5

A
  • oxidizers

- organic peroxide

20
Q

class 6

A
  • poisons (toxic)
  • toxic and infectious substances
  • inhalation hazards
21
Q

class 7

A

radioactive materials

22
Q

class 8

A

corrosives

23
Q

class 9

A

miscellaneous hazardous materials

-dangerous goods and articles

24
Q

green

A

non-flammable

-can also just be compressed air (not oxygen)

25
Q

white

A

-inhalation hazard

26
Q

health risks of hazardous material (TRACEM)

A
  • thermal
  • radiological
  • asphyxiation
  • chemicals
  • etiological/biological
  • mechanical
27
Q

thermal harm

A
  • caused by extreme temperatures
  • can be direct (touch) or indirect (internal through inhalation)
  • burns
  • frostbite
28
Q

radiological harm

A
  • not visible

- must use detectors to estimate exposure

29
Q

asphyxiation

A
  • displacement of oxygen
  • not enough oxygen to breathe
  • in confined spaces
  • mines
  • time is important during rescue
30
Q

etiological/biological

A
  • can be an attack or a lab

- covid

31
Q

mechanical

A

-explosives

32
Q

CHEMTREC

A
  • phone line for hazardous incidents
  • provide emergency product information
  • connects caller with key resources
  • document the incident
  • makes sure companies stay in line with regulation
33
Q

NFPA 704 fire diamond

A
  • health hazard- blue
  • fire hazard (flammability)- red
  • instability hazard (reactivity)- yellow
  • specific hazard- white
  • red, blue, and yellow are on a scale from 0-4
  • 0=no hazard
  • 4=severe risk
  • white -> OX = oxidizer, W= reacts with water in an unusual or dangerous manner, SA= simple asphyxiant gas
  • used by emergency personnel to quickly and easily identify the risks posed by hazardous material
  • helps determine what special equipment should be used, procedures followed, or precautions taken during the initial stages of an emergency response
34
Q

OSHA HMIS

A
  • hazardous material identification guide

- The HMIS Color Bar is similar to the fire diamond, created by the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA)

35
Q

Level 1 incident

A
  • handled by police, fire department
  • can be handled on a local level
  • PD, FD, EMS
36
Q

level 2 incident

A
  • hazmat team is deployed

- major incident

37
Q

level 3 incident

A
  • more than just a regional hazmat team
  • interstate team may be deployed
  • ocean spills
  • disaster
  • FBI
  • additional resources are used
38
Q

detecting the presence of hazardous materials

A
  • senses- smell- you should not be close enough to smell
  • occupancy and location
  • container shape and size
  • placards and labels
  • marking and colors
  • shipping and facility documents- papers are with the driver so local agencies can respond in a incident
39
Q

4 W’s of a hazardous materials and incident response

A
  • WHO- HAZMAT teams may consist of firefighters, but not all firefighters are qualified to be on a HAZMAT team
  • WHEN- although a quick response is optimal, it cannot take place until incident is understood -> quick but informed
  • WHERE- 3 control zones should radiate outward from the incident to ensure absolute safety to the public and that stop contaminates from spread further, the zones are: hot zone, warm zone, and cold zone
  • WHAT- the equipment and procedure used will depend on the incident. variables such as the type of hazardous material, size, and number of people exposed and damage range will determine the best plan of action
40
Q

release

A

-anything or anytime a chemical gets discharged (spilled, leaked)

41
Q

containment

A

-restricting the material to its original container

42
Q

confinement

A
  • keeping the material from leaving the container

- limiting the physical size of the area of release

43
Q

RAIN

A
  • recognize
  • avoid
  • isolate
  • notify
44
Q

Hazardous Material Identification System (HMIS)

A

-numerical hazard rating that incorporates the use of labels with color coded bars
-Before 2002 the fire diamond and the color bar had sections colored blue, red, white, and yellow.
-After April 2002, with the release of HMIS III, yellow in the color bar (which stood for reactivity) was replaced by orange, standing
for physical hazard.

45
Q

CHEMTREC

A

-serves as a round-the-clock
resource for obtaining immediate critical response information for incidents involving hazardous materials and dangerous goods

46
Q

table of placards

A

-Each group of placards is associated to a
3-digit guide number (ORANGE Section)
-Use only when the ID number or the name is not available
-Continue to seek more reliable information
-Use the ORANGE Guide for the specific
material as soon as possible

Emergency Response to Hazardous Material and Terrorism (18 decks)

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