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Phase 1 flashcards > Quick upper limb flashcards > Flashcards

Quick upper limb flashcards

1
Q

glenohumeral joint

A

shoulder joint

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2
Q

acromioclavicular joint

A

acromium of scapula articulates with clavicle

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3
Q

projections of bone superior and inferior to the glenoid fossa

A

surpra and infraglenoid tubercle

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4
Q

projections of bone on the proximal humerus

A

greater and lesser tubercles

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5
Q

nerve near the surgical neck

A

axillary

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6
Q

attachment of deltoid to humerus

A

deltoid tuberosity

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7
Q

path of radial nerve over humerus

A

radial/ spiral groove

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8
Q

nerve damaged in mid shaft fractures

A

radial

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9
Q

for every 2 degree abduction of the shoulder…

A

scapula rotates 1 degree

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10
Q

large muscles of the posterior pectoral girdle

A

trapezius - superior
latissimus dorsi

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11
Q

small posterior pectoral girdle muscles

A

levator scapulae
rhomboid major
rhomboid minor

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12
Q

function of posterior pectoral girdle, and the exception

A

move scapula
latissimus dorsi moves humerus

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13
Q

innervation of trapezius

A

accessory nerve

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14
Q

innervation of latissimus dorsi

A

thoracodorsal nerve

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15
Q

scapulohumeral muscles

A

deltoid
subscapularis
infraspinatus
supraspinatus
teres major
teres minor

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16
Q

rotator cuff

A

sist
supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, subscapularis

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17
Q

muscle over the shoulder

A

deltoid

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18
Q

powerful abductor of the shoulder after 20 degrees

A

deltoid

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19
Q

innervation of deltoid

A

axillary nerve

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20
Q

quadrilateral space

A

teres minor above
teres major below
long head of triceps medially
surgical neck of humerus laterally

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21
Q

which nerve travels through quad space

A

axillary

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22
Q

innervation of axillary nerve

A

deltoid
teres minor
skin over upper lateral arm

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23
Q

which rotator cuff muscle can be seen anteriorly?

A

subscapularis
the others are mostly seen posteriorly

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24
Q

action of rotator cuff

A

hold head of humerus in place
tendons fuse with capsule of shoulder joint

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25
Q

what contributes to shoulder joint stability?

A

glenoid labrum
ligaments
tendon of biceps brachii

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26
Q

single muscle in the posterior arm

A

triceps brachii

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27
Q

where does triceps insert and originate?

A

ulnar olecranon - inserts
origin
- long head - infraglenoid tubercle
- lateral head - posterior humerus proximal to radial groove
- medial head - posterior humerus distal to radial groove

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28
Q

action of triceps

A

extends forearm at the shoulder joint

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29
Q

innervation of triceps

A

radial nerve

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30
Q

what does the trochlea of the humerus articulate with?

A

trochlear notch of ulna

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31
Q

lateral to trochlear is…

A

capitellum

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32
Q

what does the capitellum arrticulate with?

A

head of radius

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33
Q

things in the axilla

A

lymph nodes
axillary artery
axillary vein
brachial plexus

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34
Q

put these in order:
brachial artery
subclavian artery
axillary artery

A

subclavian
axillary
brachial

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35
Q

what is the subclavian vein a continuation of?

A

axillary vein

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36
Q

spinal nerves of brachial plexus

A

C5-8 and T1
C5-T1

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37
Q

what are brachial plexus cords named after?

A

position relative to axillary artery

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38
Q

superior trunk

A

C5 and c6

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39
Q

middle trunk

A

C7

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40
Q

inferior trunk

A

C8 and T1

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41
Q

divisions of brachial plexus

A

anterior and posterior

42
Q

lateral cord

A

anterior division of superior and middle trunks

43
Q

posterior cod

A

posterior divisions of all the trunks

44
Q

medial cord

A

anterior division of the inferior trunk

45
Q

what is the axillary branch from?
radial
musculocutaneous
ulnar
median

A

posterior cord
posterior
lateral
medial
lateral and medial

46
Q

axillary nerve

A

posterior cord
C5 and C6

47
Q

radial nerve

A

posterior cord
C5-T1

48
Q

musculocutaneous nerve

A

lateral cord
C5-C7
skin over forearm
three muscles in the anterior arm

49
Q

do median and ulnar nerve innervate arm?

A

no
just forearm and hand

50
Q

median nerve

A

C6-T1
most anterior forearm muscles
small muscles of the thumb
skin over the lateral aspect of the palm and lateral digits
vulnerable in the cubital fossa

51
Q

ulnar nerve

A

continuation of the medial cord after median nerve
C8-T1
innervates most hand muscles
fine movements of digits
skin over medial aspect of hand and medial digits
vulnerable behind the medial epicondyle

52
Q

anterior arm muscles

A

biceps brachii
brachialis
coracobrachialis

53
Q

attachments of biceps

A

scapula
- long head to supraglenoid tubercle
- short head to coracoid process
radial tuberosity of radius

54
Q

action of biceps

A

flexor of the elbow
and shoulder
supinator of the forearm WHEN elbow is flexed

55
Q

most superficial anterior forearm muscle

A

biceps brachii

56
Q

action of brachialis

A

flexor of the elbow

57
Q

attachments of brachialis

A

humerus
ulnar tuberosity

58
Q

attachments of coracobrachialis

A

coracoid process
humerus

59
Q

action of coracobrachialis

A

weak flexor of shoulder

60
Q

cubital fossa boundaries

A

brachioradialis
pronator teres
line between medial and lateral epicondyles

61
Q

shape of cubital fossa

A

triangle

62
Q

contents of cubital fossa

A

tendon of biceps brachii
bicipital aponeurosis - fascial extension of the biceps tendon
brachial artery
median nerve
radial nerve

63
Q

order from lateral to medial or biceps tendon, brachial artery, median nerve

A

in that order

64
Q

where does the brachial artery bifurcate?

A

cubital fossa

65
Q

what connects the radius and ulna?

A

interosseous membrane

66
Q

how many radioulnar joints?

A

2
proximal and distal

67
Q

which bones does the radius articulate with at the wrist joint?

A

scaphoid and lunate

68
Q

first row of carpus bones lateral to medial

A

scaphoid, lunate, triquetral, pisiform

69
Q

second row of carpal bones, lateral to medial

A

trapezium (for thUMb), trapezioid, capitate (largest), hamate

70
Q

which carpal bone bears a bony process anteriorly?

A

hamate

71
Q

most commonly damaged carpal bone

A

scaphoid

72
Q

how many phalanges in each finger and thumb?

A

3 per finger
thumb has 2

73
Q

order or hand bones

A

metacarpals then phalanges

74
Q

superficial anterior forearm muscles lateral to medial

A

pronator teres
flexor carpi radialis
palmaris longus
flexor carpi ulnaris

PFPF

75
Q

where do superficial arm muscles attach proximally?

A

medial epicondyle

76
Q

action of pronator teres

A

pronator of the proximal radioulnar joint

77
Q

traits of MOST of the muscles of the anterior forearm compartment

A

wrist flexors
median nerve
2 exceptions

78
Q

where does palmaris longus insert?

A

palm fascia

79
Q

innervation of flexor carpi ulnaris

A

ulnar nerve

80
Q

muscle in the middle layer of anterior arm

A

flexor digitorum superficialis

81
Q

flexor digitorum superficialis
- number of tendons
- to which digits

A

4
2-5

82
Q

muscle of the deep layer of the forearm

A

flexor digitorum profundus
flexor pollicis longus
pronator quadratus

83
Q

action of FDS

A

flexes digits

84
Q

action of FDP

A

flexes digits

85
Q

flexor digitorum profundus
- number of tendons
- to which digits

A

4
2-5

86
Q

dual innervation of FDP

A

laterally - median - supplies index and middle
medial - ring and little - ulnar

87
Q

action of FPL

A

flexes thumb
pollex = thumb

88
Q

action of pronator quadratus

A

pronates distal radioulnar joint

89
Q

general assumptions about anterior forearm muscles

A

flexors (not pronator teres or pronator quadratus)
median nerve (not FCU and medial half of FDP)

90
Q

roof of carpal tunnel

A

flexor retinaculum

91
Q

what passes through carpal tunnel?

A

4 tendons of FDS - digits 2-5
4 tendons of FDP - digits 2-5
1 tendon of FPL - thumb/ digit 1
median nerve ONLY

92
Q

anastamoses of the radial and ulnar arteries in the hand

A

palmar arches

93
Q

where does all upper limb venous blood drain into?

A

axillary vein

94
Q

where do the cephalic and basilic veins course?

A

cephalic - laterally
basilic - medially

95
Q

connection between the superficial forearm veins
where and what

A

median cubital vein
cubital fossa

96
Q

name of phalanges

A

proximal, middle, distal
for thumb, proximal and distal

97
Q

joints between carpals and metacarpals

A

carpometacarpal joints

98
Q

joints between metacarpals and phalanges

A

metacarpophalangeal joints

99
Q

joints between phalanges

A

interphalangeal

100
Q

types of grip

A

hook
power
precision

101
Q

anterior forearm muscles that are prime flexors of the wrist

A

flexor carpi radialis - inserts onto 2nd metacarpal
flexor carpi ulnaris - inserts onto 5th metacarpal
palmaris longus - inserts onto palmar fascia

102
Q

flexors of the digits

A

FDS
FDP
FPL

Phase 1 flashcards (27 decks)

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