Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Psych, Natural Science > Quick Unit 2 > Flashcards

Quick Unit 2 Flashcards

1
Q

amblyopia

A

loss of visual abilities in a weaker eye

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Strabismus

A

lack of coordination of movement in both eyes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

kinesthetic sense

A

receptor cells in muscles tell us if we are moving and in what direction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

vestibular sense

A

located in the semicircular canals of the ear telling body position

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

3 gestalt grouping laws

A

proximity, closure, and similarity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is depth perception

A

relies on two types: binocular and monocular

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what is convergence

A

a binocular cue that is the tendency of the eyes to move toward each other as we focus on an object up close

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

binocular disparity

A

different images of objects are cast on the retinas of each eye

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

monocular cues

A

cues from one eye, 2 dimensional

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

gestalt principles are by what process?

A

top down

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

visual agnosia

A

damage to the what pathway

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

prosopagnosia

A

form of visual agnosia in which people cannot recognize faces

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

vision path in the brain

A

visual info leaves retina, travels to superior colliculus to thalamus to primary visual cortex in the occipital lobe

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

opponent process theory suggests and explains what

A

colours are processed in opposite pairs and explain after images. If you stare at green too long you can’t see red

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What three structures analyze colour in antagonistic opponent pairs?

A

ganglion cells, thalamus and visual cortex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What does trichromatic theory suggest

A

there are three different sensors for colour and each type responds to a different wave length

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what is electromagnetic radiation?

A

a stimulus for light

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what is tinnitus

A

ringing in the ear

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is amusia

A

tone deafness, inability to distinguish between pitch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

path of hearing in the brain

A

cochlea to brainstem to thalamus to auditory cortex to auditory associated areas in the cortex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

3 ways we adapt to noise

A

muscle contractions, hair cells becoming less sensitive and attention (cocktail party effect)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

two major causes of deafness

A

conductive (blockage or break in hearing process) or nerve (damage or malformation of hair cells or auditory nerve)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

frequency

A

pitch of sound

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

amplitude

A

loudness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
familial dysaitonomia
inability to detect pain or temperature
26
endorphins and enkephalins are
natural pain killers
27
cingulotomy
destruction of the cingulate cortex
28
gate control theory
patterns of neural activity can actually close a gate that prevents messages from reaching parts of the brain where they are perceived as pain
29
anosmia
inability to smell
30
ageusia
inability to taste
31
reflex epilespsy
seizure from smells
32
vicarious learning
occurs when an individual observes the consequences to another actions and the chooses to duplicate the behaviour or refrain from doing so
33
what is habituation
non associative: weakening of response to a stimulus after repeated presentation
34
what is sensitization
non associative: a strong stimulus that results in an exaggerated response to subsequent presentation of weaker stimuli
35
two types of associative learning
classical and operant
36
acquisition
the initial leaning of the stimulus response relationship - realizing connection
37
what is stimulus discrimination
an organism leanrs to emit a certain behaviour in the presence of a specific stimulus but not in the presence of a similar one
38
higher order conditioning
occurs when a previously conditioned stimulus functions as if it were an unconditied sim for further conditioning
39
extinction
reduction of a conditioned response
40
what was the little albert experiment?
classical conditioning and fear. Watson conditioned little albert to be afraid of a white rat by playing a loud noise overtime he reached for the animal. Little albert cries at rats.
41
systematic sensitization
a process used to condition extinction of phobias through gradual exposure to the feared object or situation
42
conditioned taste aversion
previously neutral taste stimulus sets pairing with illness
43
who created the puzzle box
edward thorndike
44
what is the law of effect
behaviours that create pleasantness
45
behaviourism
founded by BF Skinner, the systematic study and manipulation of observable behaviour. Organisms font simply respond to environment but also operate on it
46
continuous reinforcement
behaviour is reinforced all of the time
47
intermettent reinforcement
behaviour is followed by rein. some of the time
48
what is ratio fixed and variable
ratio fixed: reinforcement occurs after a fixed number of responses giving a high rate of responding but with pauses. Variable ratio: reinforcement occurs after an unpredictable average number of responses creating a high steady rate of responses
49
interval schedule fixed and variable
fixed: reinforcement occurs after a fixed time has elapsed and variable interval, reinforcement occurs after varying lengths of time
50
shaping
introducing a new behaviour by reinforcing successive approximations of the desired behaviour until the complete behavioural sequence emrges
51
behviour modifiction
a systemic approach to change behaviour using principles of operant conditioning
52
narcolepsy
excessive day time sleepiness
53
sleep apnea
stop breathing in sleep
54
activation synthesis theory
during sleep the brain has a lot of random activity and dreams attempt to make sense of this
55
freudian theory of dreams
wish fulfilment and conflict resolution.
56
manifest content
dreams that can be recalled
57
latent content
the unconscious elements of the dream
58
information processing theory
dreams are for processing info from the day
59
sleep spindles
stage two burst of rapid brain waves
60
brain steps to sleep
suprachiasmatic nucleus responds to low light levels sending message to the pineal gland to release the hormone melatonin that increases sleepiness

Psych, Natural Science (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions