Quantitative Pharmacokinetics

Question 1

Plasma-concentration time curve

Answer 1

• hybrid curve

- Absorption and elimination are key

Question 2

If you decrease a drug dose, what happens to the plasma concentration?

Answer 2

• decrease in maximum concentration in plasma

Question 3

If the blood perfusion decreases, what happens to the plasma concentration of the drug?

Answer 3

• the plasma concentration decreases

Question 4

The period of time required for the concentration of a drug in the plasma to be reduced by 50%

Answer 4

• plasma elimination half-life

Question 5

One/single compartmental model

Answer 5

• first order kinetic model

Question 6

Multiple compartment model - drug is distributed over multiple compartments

Answer 6

• second order kinetic model

Question 7

Saturable process. Drug decreases linearly with time. Rate of elimination is constant. Rate of elimination is independent of the drug. Half life decreases with decreasing concentration (decreasing elimination half life)

Answer 7

• Zero order kinetic model

Question 8

Drug decreases exponentially with time. Rate of elimination is proportional to the drug. Elimination half life is constant regardless of the drug. Renal elimination (non-saturated process)

Answer 8

• first order kinetic model

Question 9

Length of half life increases with decreasing concentration (increasing elimination half life)

Answer 9

• second order kinetic model

Question 10

Each time a dose is administered, often it will be building on the previous dose, so the dose in the body will be higher than what is being given.

Answer 10

• multiple dosing

Question 11

Steady State Concentration
When dosing intervals are calculated properly, usually takes time, will see the same level for the peak. Fixed max and min, may not be ideal if you have a minimal effective concentration.

Answer 11

• multiple oral dosing

Question 12

When you don’t want to wait to reach steady state concentration. The first dose will be higher than any other dose, to jump the concentration up to where the steady state should end up (effective point)

Answer 12

• loading or priming dose

Question 13

The best way to reach a steady state quickly and smoothly. Can only be achieved with a continuous stream of meds via IV. Rate of infusion=rate of elimination

Answer 13

• continuous infusion rate

Question 14

The difference between the desired effect and adverse/toxic effect. The further to the right (the larger the gap) the adverse effects are on the graph, the safer the drug is

Answer 14

• therapeutic index