Metabolism

Question 1

Concerns the transport of metabolites into the bile duct and into the proximal tubule

Answer 1

• phase III

Question 2

What phase involves the cytochrome P450 enzyme?

Answer 2

• phase 1

Question 3

Little Glucoronidation in?

Answer 3

• felidae

Question 4

What phase involves the conjugation pathways?

Answer 4

• phase II

Question 5

What species possesses only 10% of the normal canine glucoronidation capacity

Answer 5

• cats

Question 6

70% of all side-effects are a result of?

Answer 6

• variations in biotransformation capacities

Question 7

Enzymatic modification/inactivation of endogenous signaling in the body

Answer 7

• biotransformation

Question 8

CYP450 family members are subject to a direct effect on the enzyme

Answer 8

• inhibition

- > blocks the enzyme causing the drug to stay in circulation for longer

Question 9

These reactions take place in the liver, kidney and lungs and are performed by non-microsomal enzymes and/or do not require NADPH as a cofactor

Answer 9

• oxidations other than cytochrome P450

Question 10

Where does biotransformation predominantly occur?

Answer 10

• in the liver

Question 11

Cats have drug sensitivity to?

Answer 11

• Acetaminophen
• propofol
• sulfonamides

Question 12

Little acetylation in?

Answer 12

• dogs

Question 13

This species has a dead mutation in exon 1 of UGT1A and a very low expression of UGT2B

Answer 13

• cats

Question 14

Little sulphatation in?

Answer 14

• pigs

Question 15

No glutathion conjugation in?

Answer 15

• guinea pigs

Question 16

CYP450 family members are subject to de-novo synthesis of enzyme and this takes time

Answer 16

• induction

- > if more enzymes are produced the metabolism of drugs is faster