Quality Tools 2

Question 1

Define A Quality Planning project:

Answer 1

A QPP focuses on planning (or replanning) product and process features

Question 2

Define Quality control project

Answer 2

..analyzes a collection of sporadic problems

Question 3

Define Quality improvement project

Answer 3

addresses the deficiencies dimensions of quality

Question 4

What are the five tasks of quality improvement?

Answer 4

1 Verifying the project need and mission
2 Diagnosing the causes
3 Providing a remedy and proving it's effects
4 Dealing with resistance to change
5 Insituting controls and hold the gains

Question 5

What are the three fundamental aspects of any quality improvement project?

Answer 5

1 Project by project
2 Based on Facs or Data
3 Projects are held in teams

Question 6

How to select the vital Xs (causes)?

Answer 6

Process analysis (i.e. graphical)
Process understanding (i.e. cause-and effect diagram)
3 Data analysis of Xs and Ys (Process mapping)

Question 7

What are the magnificent seven diagrams according to Montgmorey?

Answer 7

1 Histograms
2 Check cheet
3 Pareto chart
4 Cause-and-effect diagram (Fishbone)
5Defect concentration diagram
6 Scatter diagrams
7 Control charts

Question 8

What is the main objective of a Pareto chart?

Answer 8

Distinct the vital few causes from the useful many

Question 9

What is the central limit theorem:

Answer 9

The averages of samples have approximately normal distributions.
Bigger sample sizes means “narrower” distribution curves.

Question 10

What is the objective of hypothesis testing?

Answer 10

A hypothesis is a statement about a population that can be tested by collecting a random sample.
The result of the test is of the affirmative/negative type with the possibility of error.

Question 11

What are the six steps for hypothesis testing?

Answer 11

1 Definition of the hypothesis
2 Identification of the test statistic and characterization to its distribution
3 specification of the significance level of the test
4 Determine the critical value for decision making
5 Calculation of the test statistic using samples
6 Decision making

Question 12

Reject H0 but H0 true

Answer 12

alpha error

Question 13

Fail to reject H0 but H0 false:

Answer 13

beta-error

Question 14

Reject H0, H0 false:

Answer 14

correct decision–> Power

Question 15

How to calculate the power of a test?

Answer 15

1- beta error

Question 16

What is the definition of power and what happens to the power, if the sample size is bigger?

Answer 16

Power is a very descriptive and concise measure of the sensitivity of a statistical test, where by sensitivity we mean the ability of the the test to detect differences.
Bigger sample –> bigger power.

Question 17

What are the seven steps of the data analysis used in the tripcar case?

Answer 17

1 Identify Types of data
2 Characterize the output variable
3 Characterize the input variables
4 What input variables show differences regarding output variable
5 Are these differences statistically significant?
6 Look at the problem from different angels
7 Do the right comparisons