Quality Management Flashcards
What is Six Sigma?
Focus on achieving very high quality
3.4 defects every 1 Million (99.9999%)
How is GRADE different from QUALITY?
Grade = general category or classification of deliverable
Quality = fulfilling requirements
What is Deming’s PDCA?
Commitment to continuous improvement via a 4-step management method
AKA:
- Plan Do Check/Study Act
- [Deming/Shewart/Control] + [Circle/Cycle/Wheel]
What is ISO 9000 Series?
Quality certification where an organization documents what is does and does what is documented
What is a User Story?
Short, textual description of required functionality including role, goal, and benefit/motivation.
What is TQM?
Total Quality Management
Deming theory that everyone in company is responsible for and able to impact quality
Improvements to quality process and results
What are Specification Limits?
Customer’s expectations for quality
On exam, assume they are outside of the UCL and LCL
Who determines the UCL and LCL for a Control Chart?
PM and Stakeholders
What is Statistical Independence?
Probability of one event occurring does not affect probability of another event occurring
e.g. probability of rolling a 6 on a die is statistically independent from rolling a 5 next
What is a Pareto Chart?
Histogram arranging results from largest to smallest
What is Pareto’s Principle?
80% of problems due to 20% of root causes
What is Cost of Non-Conformance?
Cost BECAUSE OF failures
Internal = failures found by project team
e.g. rework or scrap
External = failures found by customer
e.g. liabilities, warranty, lost business
What is Cost of Conformance?
Cost to AVOID failures
Prevention Costs = build a quality product
e.g. training, document process, equipment, time to do correctly
Appraisal Costs = assess the quality
e.g. testing and inspections
Explain COQ
Cost of Quality
Popularized by Philip Crosby
AKA = Marginal Analysis
Cost of Conformance and Non-Conformance
