Quality And Saftey In The NHS Flashcards
What are some of the terms that can be used to define healthcare quality?
Safe, effective, paitent centered, timely, efficent and equitable
How do we know that healthcare quality is not optimal?
Vaariations is medical care suggest that everyone is not getting the same quality of care, and variation of the provision of health services suggests waste or inequitiy in the NHS
What is a adverse event?
A injury that is caused by medical management rather than the underyling disease, and prolongs hospitalisation or produces a disability or both
What is a preventable adverse event?
An adverse event that could be prevented given the current state of medical knowledge
What are some examples of preventable adverse events?
Operations performed on the wrong part of the body, retained objects, wrong dose or type of medication given, failure to rescue, and some kinds of infections such as those associated with inserting a catheter
What are some of the negative features of a overeliance on indvidual repsonsibility in medicine?
Everyone is fallible, has congnetive limitations and forgets things, most practice is complex and uncertain and increases the likleihood of disease,
What are some of the features of the james reasons framework of error?
There are active failures, which happen at the sharp end of care and result in a patient being harmed, and latent conditions that are the aspects of the context that predispose towards active failures, and this combine to a swiss cheese model where both the active and latent failures go through the cheese (defences) and contribute towards losses.
How can we reduce the possibility of human factors causing errors?
Avoid reliance on memory Make things visible Review and simplify process Standardise common processes and procedures, Routinely use checklists Describe the reliance on vigilance
What is clinical governance?
A framework through which NHS organisations are accountable for continuously improving the quality of services and safeguarding the standards of care by creating an environment in which excellence in medical care can flourish
What are the NHS quality improvement framework outcomes?
Standard setting Commissioning Finical incentives Disclousure Regulation, regristration and inspection Clincial audit and quality improvment
What are NICE quality standards?
High qulait clinical and cost effective care across a pathway or clincal area, and these are dervived from the best availble evidence and produced collabrivtely with the NHS and social care
What is the quality and outcomes framework?
Primary care get aroun 25% of their money by achieving certian outcomes
How are tariffs used for improving care?
Tariffs are based on the idnidual costs for different treatments, and therefore efficent trusts can make a surplus whereas inefficent trusts make a loss, and there is no extra payment for avoiable complications and no payment at all when there is a never event
What does a clincal audit involve?
Setting standards, measuring current proacctice, comparing the results with the standards, and changing practice and then re-evaulated
