Health Promotion Flashcards
What is health promotion?
The process of enabling people to increase control over and improve their health. Health is a positive concept emphasising social and personal change.
What are the key principles of health promotion?
Should be empowering, participatory, holistic, intersectional, equitable, sustainable and multi- strategy
What are the different sociological critques of health promotion?
Structural critiques- material consideration that give rise to ill health marginalised
Surveillance critiques- monitoring and regulating the population
Consumption critiques- lifestyle choices no just seen as health risks but as tied up with identity
What are the different approaches to health promotion?
Medical or preventative, Behavioural change, educational, empowerment, and socail change
What is primary prevention?
To prevent the onset of disease or injury, by reducing the exposure to risk factors,
What are the main approaches of primary prevention ?
Immunisation, prevention of contact with enviornmental risk factors, taking the approiate precautions with communicable diseases and reducing risk factors from health related factors
What are the aims of secondary prevention?
To detect and treat a disease or its risk factors at an early stage.
What are some examples of secondary prevention?
Screening for cervical cancer, monitoring and treating blood pressure, and screening for glucoma
What are some of the dilemnas regarding health promotion?
Ethics of interfering in peoples lives, victim blaming, the fallacy of empowerment (as does giving people the information give them the power to change their lifestyles), reinforcing negative stereotypes, unequal distribution of responsibility
What is the prevention paradox?
That interventions that are good at a population level may not have much effect on the indivdual, so those who are not at risk beforehand are still not at risk
What is the need to evaluate health promotion techniques?
Need for evidence based interventions, accountability, ethical obligation,
What is a process evaluation of a health promotion technique?
Focuses on the process of implementing the evaluation, employing a range of qualative methods
What is a impact evaulation of a health promotion technique?
Assesses the immeadiate effects of an intervention, and is one of the easiet to do
What is an outcome evaluation of a health promotion startgey?
Measures the long term consequences of an health intervention, measures what is achieved, and the timing of this can have significant effects on what is deterred
What are some of the difficulties with evaluating a health promotion strategy?
The design of the intervention, the possible long time to have an effect, many potenital intervening concorrument confounding factors, high cost evaluation reasearch, as studies will have to be large scale and long term
