Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Marine Pathology - all > Quaglio - Parasitic Diseases > Flashcards

Quaglio - Parasitic Diseases Flashcards

1
Q

What are the common parasitic diseases affecting fish?

A
  • Whirling Disease (Myxobolus cerebralis)
  • Eye Flukes (Diplostomum spp.)
  • White Spot Disease (Ichthyophthirius multifiliis, “Ich”)
  • Swim Bladder Nematode (Anguillicola crassus)
  • Cestode Infections (Triaenophorus crassus)

These diseases can significantly impact fish health and aquaculture practices.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is Whirling Disease and its causative agent?

A

Caused by Myxobolus cerebralis (a myxosporean parasite). Affects cartilage in salmonid fry, causing deformities and blackened tails.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the symptoms of Whirling Disease?

A
  • Erratic, spinning swimming behavior (“whirling”)
  • Skeletal deformities (e.g., bent tails, spinal curvature)
  • Blackened tail tips and poor growth
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

How is Whirling Disease transmitted?

A
  • Spores released into water from infected fish
  • Tubifex worms act as intermediate hosts
  • Fish ingest actinospores from the environment
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is Diplostomum spp. and its associated disease?

A

A trematode (fluke) causing Eye Fluke Disease. Larvae encyst in the eye lens, leading to cataracts and vision loss.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the symptoms of Eye Fluke Disease?

A
  • Cloudy or opaque eyes
  • Blindness in severe cases
  • Reduced ability to feed or avoid predators
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is White Spot Disease (“Ich”) and its causative agent?

A

Caused by the protozoan Ichthyophthirius multifiliis. Characterized by visible white cysts on skin and gills.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the clinical signs of White Spot Disease?

A
  • White, raised cysts on the skin and gills
  • Gasping at the surface and increased mucus production
  • Flashing behavior (scraping against surfaces)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

How is White Spot Disease transmitted?

A
  • Free-swimming theronts released from mature cysts infect new hosts
  • High water temperatures accelerate the lifecycle
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

How is Ich controlled in aquaculture?

A
  • Raise water temperature to interrupt the parasite’s lifecycle
  • Use treatments like formalin, copper sulfate, or potassium permanganate
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is Anguillicola crassus and the disease it causes?

A

A parasitic nematode infecting the swim bladder of eels. Causes Swim Bladder Disease.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the symptoms of Swim Bladder Disease caused by Anguillicola crassus?

A
  • Thickened swim bladder walls
  • Impaired buoyancy control
  • Secondary infections due to tissue damage
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

How is Anguillicola crassus transmitted?

A
  • Eels ingest infected intermediate hosts (copepods)
  • Direct transmission through ingestion of nematode larvae
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are cestode infections in fish?

A

Caused by larval tapeworms (e.g., Triaenophorus crassus). Encyst in muscle tissues, causing visible white cysts and weight loss.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are the symptoms of cestode infections?

A
  • Weight loss and reduced growth
  • Visible white cysts in muscle tissues
  • Skeletal muscle damage in severe cases
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the lifecycle of Triaenophorus crassus?

A
  • Eggs released into water from adult worms in piscivorous fish
  • Copepods ingest coracidia larvae
  • Fish eat infected copepods, allowing larvae to encyst in tissues
17
Q

How are parasitic infections diagnosed in fish?

A
  • Clinical examination for external signs (e.g., cysts, lesions)
  • Microscopic analysis of skin and gill scrapes
  • Histopathology to confirm internal infestations
18
Q

What are the common laboratory methods for identifying parasites?

A
  • Wet mounts of tissues for microscopic examination
  • Staining techniques (e.g., Giemsa stain)
  • PCR for specific parasite detection
19
Q

How do water quality parameters influence parasitic infections?

A
  • Poor water quality increases stress and susceptibility
  • High temperatures accelerate parasite life cycles
20
Q

What biosecurity measures help prevent parasitic diseases?

A
  • Quarantine new fish stocks
  • Disinfect equipment and water systems
  • Monitor and maintain optimal water quality
21
Q

What are fungal-like parasites and their significance?

A

Includes organisms like Aphanomyces invadans (Epizootic Ulcerative Syndrome). Cause severe ulcerative dermatitis and systemic infections.

22
Q

What is the treatment for Epizootic Ulcerative Syndrome (EUS)?

A
  • Broad-spectrum antifungal treatments
  • Improve water quality and reduce stress
23
Q

What role do intermediate hosts play in parasitic life cycles?

A

Many parasites require intermediate hosts (e.g., copepods, Tubifex worms). Essential for completing their lifecycle and infecting fish.

24
Q

How do parasites impact fish growth and reproduction?

A
  • Parasites cause nutrient loss and energy diversion
  • Lead to stunted growth, reduced reproductive output, and mortality
25
Q

How does “flashing” behavior indicate parasitic infection?

A

Fish scrape against surfaces to relieve irritation from ectoparasites. Common in infections like Ichthyophthirius multifiliis.

26
Q

What is the impact of Diplostomum on fish populations?

A
  • Causes vision impairment, making fish more vulnerable to predation
  • Reduces feeding efficiency and growth
27
Q

What are the characteristics of nematode infections in fish?

A
  • Include species like Contracaecum
  • Encyst in visceral organs or swim bladder
  • Cause inflammation and tissue damage
28
Q

How are parasitic infections treated in aquaculture?

A
  • Use of antiparasitic drugs (e.g., formalin baths, praziquantel)
  • Management practices like regular water changes
29
Q

What is “Ich” commonly referred to, and why is it significant?

A

Known as “White Spot Disease.” One of the most widespread and economically significant parasitic infections in aquaculture.

30
Q

How do parasites contribute to secondary bacterial or fungal infections?

A
  • Damage tissue barriers, creating entry points for opportunistic pathogens
  • Increase stress and reduce immune responses in fish

Marine Pathology - all (17 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions