Quaglio - Exam Questions

Question 1

Cryptocaryon irritans is:

a. An ectoparasite of marine fish
b. A virus transmitted by contaminated water
c. An endoparasite of cetaceans
d. An endoparasite of freshwater fish

Answer 1

a. An ectoparasite of marine fish

Question 2

For routine histological analyses, the samples should be:

a. Fresh and immediately fixed in formalin
b. Frozen and later fixed in formalin
c. Kept at room temperature
d. Kept in absolute ethanol

Answer 2

a. Fresh and immediately fixed in formalin

Question 3

For a copromicroscopic exam, fresh feces should be stored in:

a. A sterile container at room temperature
b. A sterile container with the addition of physiological solution at room temperature
c. A sterile vacuum container at −80°C
d. A clean container at +4°C

Answer 3

d. A clean container at +4°C

Question 4

Clinical signs of columnaris disease include:

a. Steatosis, swollen and hypertrophic kidney
b. Severe erosive lesions on gills, up to diffuse gill necrosis and deep ulcers
c. Swollen hypertrophic kidney
d. Myocarditis

Answer 4

b. Severe erosive lesions on gills, up to diffuse gill necrosis and deep ulcers

Question 5

Fill out the following for Vibriosis:

• Main species of Vibrio involved:
• Sensitive fish hosts:
• Main gross lesions:
• Diagnosis methods:
• Prophylaxis and control:

Answer 5

• Main species of Vibrio involved: Vibrio anguillarum, Vibrio salmonicida, Vibrio harveyi.
• Sensitive fish hosts: Salmonidae, marine, euryhaline, freshwater fish.
• Main gross lesions: Ulcerations, hemorrhages, petechiae, disorientation.
• Diagnosis methods: Bacteriology: culture on TSA and Marine Agar. PCR: confirm specific Vibrio species.
• Prophylaxis and control: Immersion treatment using antibiotics. Vaccination of fish stocks. Strict biosecurity measures, including equipment disinfection.

Question 6

Cryptocaryon irritans:

a. An ectoparasite of marine fish
b. A virus transmitted by contaminated water
c. An endoparasite of cetaceans
d. An endoparasite of freshwater fish

Answer 6

a. An ectoparasite of marine fish

Question 7

Columnaris disease:

a. Clinical signs in Salmonid fish include muscle ulceration and erosive lesions on gills.
b. Steatosis and swollen kidney are the main signs.
c. Nodular lesions with viral inclusions.
d. Primarily affects cartilaginous fish.

Answer 7

a. Clinical signs in Salmonid fish include muscle ulceration and erosive lesions on gills.

Question 8

For a copromicroscopic exam:

a. Fresh feces should be stored in a sterile container at room temperature.
b. Fresh feces should be stored in a clean container at +4°C refrigeration.
c. Frozen feces at −80°C are recommended.
d. Feces should be fixed in formalin for long-term storage.

Answer 8

b. Fresh feces should be stored in a clean container at +4°C refrigeration.

Question 9

Nodular Gill Disease:

a. Amoebae/protozoans
b. Bacteria
c. Virus
d. Mycotic

Answer 9

a. Amoebae/protozoans

Question 10

Whirling Disease:

a. Viral
b. Trauma
c. Genetic
d. Myxosoma cerebralis

Answer 10

d. Myxosoma cerebralis

Question 11

Columnaris Disease

Answer 11

Clinical signs in Salmonid fish: Muscle ulceration and erosive lesions on gills

Question 12

Vibriosis Species:

• Main species
• Clinical signs
• Prophylaxis

Answer 12

• Listonella anguillarum, Vibrio harveyi, Coldwater vibriosis.
• Lesions, lethargy, anorexia, discoloration, necrotic lesions, exophthalmia, melanosis, hemorrhagic lesions on fins.
• Immersion, injection, vaccination.

Question 13

Toxoplasmosis:

• Species
• Lifecycle
• Symptoms in marine mammals

Answer 13

• Protozoan parasite Toxoplasma gondii.
• Includes felid hosts and asexual/sexual reproduction leading to cysts
• Meningoencephalitis.

Question 14

Histology, PCR, Serum Analysis:

Answer 14

Sample preservation requires fixation in 10% formalin for histology. PCR samples should be frozen or refrigerated to preserve DNA. Serum analysis requires separation of serum via centrifugation and refrigeration at +4°C.