Mazzariol - EXAM Flashcards
What are all samples that can be acquired from the liver?
What are the effects/impacts of Plastic ingestion?
- Obstruction (partial or complete) of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract.
- Constipation due to cessation of peristalsis in the GI tract.
- Physical pain and potential injury
- Reduced feeding, resulting in lower energy levels.
- Increased energy expenditure due to the effort required to forage
- Chemical transfer from plastics, such as PFAS and phthalates, which are toxic
- Microbiome alterations caused by bacteria harbored on plasticsHow can plastic lead to death?
Plastic doesn’t usually cause death in Cetaceans, there are some cases of turtles but non many.
How can we find out the age of dolphins?
- Morphology and Growth Curves: Measurements related to body size and weight to estimate age classes.
- Teeth (Dentine Growth Layer Groups): Counting growth layers in the dentine, which can be stained with Erhlich Haematoxylin or Toluidine Blue.
- Gonads and Renal Glomeruli Age-related changes in sexual maturity and pathology.
- Auricular Wax Plug: Used in some species for aging.
- Bones: Radiographic techniques (X-rays) to assess mineralization and density
- DNA Methylation: Advanced and expensive technique, not widely applied yet
- For Calves
- Fetal Folds and Whiskers: Observing neonatal markers.
- unerupted teeth
- lateral papillae on tongue
How can you estimate the age of an animal? List methodology and samples with relative DCC
teeth
- 10% b.f.
- -20°C
- ethanol
Gonadal tissue
- 10% b.f.
baleen
- 10% b.f.
- -20°C
What are infections associated with Cetacean Morbilivirus (CeMV)
What are infections associated with Cetacean Herpesvirus?
Which of the following laws asks for a derogation on manipulation alive and p? sea turtles?
a. Habitat Directive
b. Marine Strategy Framework Directive
c. CITES
a. Habitat Directive
c. CITES
Describe muscle evaluation and sampling (how to sample, what analyses can be done, how to preserve)
At DCC__ you can sample?
- Match the type of analysis with the way of preserving samples (multiple choices)
- What DCCs?
What are ante- and post-mortem traumas?
Distinguish ante- and post-mortem traumas?
do a combination of histological, morphological, and biochemical analyses
- Fat Embolism in Lungs (yes –> ante-mortem)
- Post-Mortem Fishery Interactions (inflammation or clotting –> ante-mortem)
- Assessing Trauma Vitality (ante-mortem physiological responses e.g. bruises/hemorrhages/inflammation can be detected by specific antibodies)
- Histological Evidence (ante-mortem if active cellular response is revealed)
Laws for Tissue Sampling in Labs:
a) Habitat Directive
b) Water Framework Directive
c) CITES
c) CITES
Identify evidences associated with Herpesvirus in cetaceans morbillivirus infection
a. skin tattoos (CePV: cetacean pox virus)
b. skin erosions
c. renal necrosis
d. necrotizing bronchitis
e. chronic encephalitis
Herpesvirus:
- skin erosions
- renal necrosis
- chronic encephalitis –> non-purulent encephalitis
CeMV:
- necrotizing bronchitis
- chronic encephalitis –> meningo-encephalitis
