Q. 7 Ecosystems Flashcards
What is the Biosphere?
The part of the Earth and atmosphere in which organisms live or that is capable of supporting life.
What might we exploit in the Biosphere?
Water, energy & biofuels, energy
What type of trees does a temperate forest have?
Deciduous
What type of trees does Tundra have?
Coniferous
What type of trees does Boreal Forest (Taiga) have?
Coniferous
In temperate grasslands, _____ are the dominant vegetation.
grasses
Deserts have ____ rainfall.
Low
Tropical grasslands (Savannah) has tall grasses with ____ trees and shrubs. It’s ____ with rain but dry seasons are common.
Few, warm
Tropical Rainforests have a ____ temperature and ___ levels of precipitation. There is a lot of bio______.
high, high, diversity
What two factors influence the distribution of biomes?
Climate and distance from the sea
What are biomes?
Large, global ecosystems.
How have trees in the TRF adapted? Give two.
Buttress roots (access nutrients better and stay stable), less branches lower down the tree (saves energy), smooth bark (allows water to flow down roots easily), leaf drip tips (enables rain to run off quickly).
What are the 3 nutrient stores in the tropical rainforest? Think - nutrient cycle.
Biomass, litter, soil
Rainforests are the ‘lungs of the Earth’ but they’re in danger. What might they be used for?
Agriculture (bananas, palm oil, cattle ranching) logging, mining, oil extraction.
Name the four main terrestrial ecosystems in the UK:
Moorland, Heathland, Wetland, Woodland
Deciduous woodlands - dominated by _____________ trees such as oak, ash, elm beech, or maple.
broadleaved
Name three deciduous woodland adaptations? 2 animal 2 plant
Broad leaves = absorb more. Thick bark = protects trees from frost.
Root systems = deep to access ground water and nutrients. Roots also break up the rock below which adds nutrients to the soil.
Migration = bird species leave temperate area to warmer countries during winter such as Africa.
Collecting + storing food = some animals prepare for the winter.
Name 2 goods and services of the deciduous woodland:
Timber and fuel products, non-timber products, conservation and recreation
What is sustainable management?
The use of forests and land in such a way, at such a rate, that maintains their biodiversity, productivity and regenerative capacity.
What is the annual rainfall in the Amazon rainforest?
2,000mm
All year, the temperature in tropical rainforests has a range between…
21C - 30C.
What is the soil like in the tropical rainforest?
Low soil fertility due to minerals and nutrients held in biomass and litter.
What is the annual rainfall of a temperate forest?
1,000mm - 1,500mm
