Q. 7 Ecosystems

Question 1

What is the Biosphere?

Answer 1

The part of the Earth and atmosphere in which organisms live or that is capable of supporting life.

Question 2

What might we exploit in the Biosphere?

Answer 2

Water, energy & biofuels, energy

Question 3

What type of trees does a temperate forest have?

Answer 3

Deciduous

Question 4

What type of trees does Tundra have?

Answer 4

Coniferous

Question 5

What type of trees does Boreal Forest (Taiga) have?

Answer 5

Coniferous

Question 6

In temperate grasslands, _____ are the dominant vegetation.

Answer 6

grasses

Question 7

Deserts have ____ rainfall.

Answer 7

Low

Question 8

Tropical grasslands (Savannah) has tall grasses with ____ trees and shrubs. It’s ____ with rain but dry seasons are common.

Answer 8

Few, warm

Question 9

Tropical Rainforests have a ____ temperature and ___ levels of precipitation. There is a lot of bio______.

Answer 9

high, high, diversity

Question 10

What two factors influence the distribution of biomes?

Answer 10

Climate and distance from the sea

Question 11

What are biomes?

Answer 11

Large, global ecosystems.

Question 12

How have trees in the TRF adapted? Give two.

Answer 12

Buttress roots (access nutrients better and stay stable), less branches lower down the tree (saves energy), smooth bark (allows water to flow down roots easily), leaf drip tips (enables rain to run off quickly).

Question 13

What are the 3 nutrient stores in the tropical rainforest? Think - nutrient cycle.

Answer 13

Biomass, litter, soil

Question 14

Rainforests are the ‘lungs of the Earth’ but they’re in danger. What might they be used for?

Answer 14

Agriculture (bananas, palm oil, cattle ranching) logging, mining, oil extraction.

Question 15

Name the four main terrestrial ecosystems in the UK:

Answer 15

Moorland, Heathland, Wetland, Woodland

Question 16

Deciduous woodlands - dominated by _____________ trees such as oak, ash, elm beech, or maple.

Answer 16

broadleaved

Question 17

Name three deciduous woodland adaptations? 2 animal 2 plant

Answer 17

Broad leaves = absorb more. Thick bark = protects trees from frost.
Root systems = deep to access ground water and nutrients. Roots also break up the rock below which adds nutrients to the soil.
Migration = bird species leave temperate area to warmer countries during winter such as Africa.
Collecting + storing food = some animals prepare for the winter.

Question 18

Name 2 goods and services of the deciduous woodland:

Answer 18

Timber and fuel products, non-timber products, conservation and recreation

Question 19

What is sustainable management?

Answer 19

The use of forests and land in such a way, at such a rate, that maintains their biodiversity, productivity and regenerative capacity.

Question 20

What is the annual rainfall in the Amazon rainforest?

Answer 20

2,000mm

Question 21

All year, the temperature in tropical rainforests has a range between…

Answer 21

21C - 30C.

Question 22

What is the soil like in the tropical rainforest?

Answer 22

Low soil fertility due to minerals and nutrients held in biomass and litter.

Question 23

What is the annual rainfall of a temperate forest?

Answer 23

1,000mm - 1,500mm