Norway and Bhutan Flashcards
Give the developed country and developing country for energy:
Developed: Norway
Developing: Bhutan
Describe the location of Norway.
Scandinavia- Northern Europe - borders Sweden, Finland, and also Russia.
What is Norway’s physical geography? Give 3
Has a very long coastline.
Glacial landscape.
Mountainous.
Very far North.
Northern Norway is in the Artic circle.
What makes Norway suitable for hydro-electric power and wind power? Give 2
Heavy rainfall, especially on the west coast.
Fast flowing rivers.
High wind speeds.
Explain 3 ways that Norway is moving towards sustainable energy.
Investing in wind energy (set a target of 30GW of wind capacity by 2040).
Largest hydropower producer in Europe.
Aims to be carbon neutral by 2030.
Carbon tax brought in in 1991.
Major gas + oil producer but they’re improvising technology to reduce emissions.
Give 2 things Norway is doing for the sustainability of transport
Oslo’s buses and trains are already electric.
Improving public transport.
Higher tax on less efficient cars.
Grants for cities that improve their public transport network.
Developing new low-emission technologies for ferries.
Give 2 things Norway is doing for the sustainability of housing
Installation of oil boilers is banned.
Subsidies for households to install solar panels.
Movements from oil and electricity heated homes to heat pumps.
Education programme for children.
Loans and grants for low energy homes.
Helpline offering energy saving advice.
Give 2 things Norway is doing for the sustainability of industries
Grants to install measures for energy recovery or use of waste heat in industrial processes.
Helpline for industry.
Process industries have lower carbon footprint because they use HEP for electricity.
Investing in new low/ zero emissions technologies for industry.
Using biomass combined with CC in power plants.
Describe the location of Bhutan
In central Asia
India to the south, China to the north
What is Bhutan’s physical geography?
Very mountainous
A lot of rivers
A lot of forest
Pledged to keep forestry above 60%
How sustainable are the energy sources used in Bhutan? Give 2
One of three countries in the world which are carbon negative. Pledged to remain so.
They are reducing emissions in India by exporting HEP to them.
Only extracts small amount of coal for domestic use.
60% of people live in rural areas and fuelwood is their main energy source.
What strategies is Bhutan implementing to sustainably manage their energy resources? Give 2
Tax exemption for renewable energy projects.
Install solar panels on buildings.
Excess electricity exported to India, reducing their fossil fuel use.
Tax incentives to industries using environmentally friendly technologies.
Give two negative impacts of using fuel wood to the environment and two to the people:
Environment: Generates lots of smoke. Cause deforestation. Releases GG. Increased soil erosion.
People: Takes a long time for women to reach fuel wood. Respiratory diseases. Eye problems. Eye infections due to smoke.
What are potential solutions to the problem of fuel wood?
UNDP
Non-formal educators teach uneducated women how to build the new stoves.
Give 3 benefits to the new stoves:
Energy efficient
Reduces fuel wood use
Less risk of fire, so don’t need to monitor all the time, can use time to complete jobs
In 2015, 13500 stoves were built.
NGO’s train women to build their own stoves - sustainable technology.
Eye + lung infection reduction.
Government subsidies the metal components to make it affordable.
40% reduction in fuel use.
