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Geography Edexcel Gcse > Ecosystems > Flashcards

Ecosystems Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a biome?

A

A large scale ecosystem

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2
Q

Tropical Rainforest - location

A

Amazon, Brazil

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3
Q

Tropical Rainforest - precipitation

A

Total annual rainfall 2000mm - 2200mm

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4
Q

Tropical Rainforest - temperature

A

Hot all year small range of 26-30°C

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5
Q

Tropical Rainforest - vegetation

A

A huge variety of broadleaved plants.
Trees dominate, with other plants competing for sunlight

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6
Q

Tropical Rainforest - animals

A

Sloths
Monkeys
Armadillos
Snakes
Insects

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7
Q

Temperate Forest - location

A

UK, Europe

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8
Q

Temperate Forest - precipitation

A

Total annual rainfall around 1000mm

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9
Q

Temperate Forest - temperature

A

Warm summers (around 18°C) and cool winters (around 5°C)

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10
Q

Temperate Forest - vegetation

A

Deciduous trees, oak dominant, which drop their leaves in autumn

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11
Q

Temperate Forest - animals

A

Rabbits
Deers

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12
Q

Boreal Forest - location

A

Russia

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13
Q

Boreal Forest - precipitation

A

Total annual rainfall of around 500mm

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14
Q

Boreal Forest - animals

A

Deer
Wolves
Black bears

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14
Q

Boreal Forest - temperature

A

Warm summers and cold winters (range between -10°C and 15°C)

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14
Q

Boreal Forest - vegetation

A

Coniferous/ evergreen trees with needles (less transpiration) instead of leaves to survive cold and reduce water loss.
Thick bark (protection from cold), shallow roots

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14
Q

Tropical Grassland - location

A

East Africa

15
Q

Tropical Grassland - precipitation

A

500-1000mm of rainfall a year
Distinctive wet season (May-October) but always with a dry season

16
Q

Tropical Grassland - temperature

A

Hot all year 25°C - 35°C

17
Q

Tropical Grassland - vegetation

A

Tall grasses with scattered, drought-adapted trees and shrubs

18
Q

Tropical Grassland - animals

A

Many animals migrate long distances in search of food. Wildebeest
Giraffes
Elephants

19
Q

Temperate Grassland - location

A

Pampas, Argentina

20
Q

Temperate Grassland - precipitation

A

Total annual rainfall around 500 - 900mm

21
Q

Temperate Grassland - temperature

A

Hot summers (25°C) and cold winters (-40°C)

22
Q

Temperate Grassland - vegetation

A

Grasslands with very few trees or shrubs

23
Q

Temperate Grassland - animals

A

Foxes
Skunks
Small herds of guanacos
Bush dogs
Many bird species

24
Q

Deserts - location

A

Great Sandy Desert, Australia

25
Q

Deserts - precipitation

A

Very low rainfall (less than 250mm annual average) and unpredictable

26
Q

Deserts - temperature

A

Hot at day and cold at night (40°C - drops below 0).

27
Q

Deserts - vegetation

A

Shrubs, cacti, very little vegetation
Plants have water-storing features, spines instead of leaves and extensive root systems

28
Q

Deserts - animals

A

Camels
Dingoes
Kangaroo

29
Q

Tundra - location

A

Alaska

30
Q

Tundra - precipitation

A

Low precipitation

31
Q

Tundra - temperature

A

Reach below 0°C for most of the year, only reaching 10°C in summer

32
Q

Tundra - vegetation

A

Very few plants, mostly lichens and mosses. Trees are rare and stunted in height
Coniferous

33
Q

Tundra - animals

A

Arctic hares
Foxes

34
Q

Case Study: The New Forest (biodiversity)

A

Rich in biodiversity
About 1/3 of British wildflowers grow in the New Forest

35
Q

Case Study: The New Forest (conflicts)

A

Visitors trample rare plants
Erosion caused by cyclists, horses, cars, and walkers
Fires started by BBQs
Litter
Dogs scare wildlife
As animals roam wild, they are sometimes hit by traffic
50% of the forest is privately owned, of which 40% is not managed in an attractive way… overgrown or poorly managed

36
Q

Case Study: The New Forest (Our Past. Our Future)

A

Our Past. Our Future is a 5 year scheme for the New Forest led by the New Forest National Park Authority and ten other organisations supported by a grant from the National Lottery Heritage Fund. Projects started at the beginning of 2016.

37
Q

Case Study: Costa Rica (TRF) - (government)

A

A little over a quarter (25%) of the country has protected status of some kind, whether as a forest or biological reserve, or wildlife refuge.
The Costa Rican Government has encouraged foreign investment to help protect the land and has often made it easy for land to be bought for the purposes of protection.
Government gives tax deductions if owners conserve the forest.
Introduction of a certificate for Sustainable Tourism (CST)

38
Q

Case Study: The New Forest (Deciduous) - sustainable woodland management

A

The forest produces 50,000 tonnes of timber sustainably each year

Geography Edexcel Gcse (12 decks)

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