PWW 2 history🐑 Flashcards
There was a good king that ruled the city alba longa he had a devil brother who took over the throne and impresoned (gevangenzet) his brother he forced the kings brother to become somthing.
What did she become and how
A vestal vergin
She went into the temple and became a vestal vergin.
How did the story from Romulus and Remus go?
The daughter of the king(Rea) Had with god mars two kids (a twin) Romulus and Remus when people found out they left the twins in the woods to die but there was a she-wolf Who saved them and nursert them until a wood man found them they raised the boys and told them their story then the boys killed the devil brother and freed the king and their mother than they left to build their own kingdom but they started argumenting an Remus died so Romulus became the first king of his city: rome
Why were many ancient city’s build on hills?
It was easer to devent
How grew Rome into a city state?
there were traders who waited on their turn to cross so while waiting they also started to trade so this happend in Rome and so became Rome a city-state
A local Italy kingdom managed to take over the Rome throne first romans accepted these Etruscan king until one king became a turantula who was this king?
tarquinis superbus he had no respect for roman traditions
How did the how Romeins called it ‘end of tyranny go?
in 509 a man Brutus let a group of senators against traquinius they succeed and the king was sent away from rome
After raquinius Rome voided to have never a king again with did they became than?
a republic
At the kings place they put two consuls who ruled together why did they do that?
than they could check each other and there would never be a tyrant again
The senate became more important in the republic but the people had also a say, what did they do in emersiens
They could appoint a person as the only leader but just four a short time for instance to defeat a attacking enemy this was a dicater but for a short time
The young republic was a place were al sort of people were welcome for wich two reasons people came to there?
For trade or they were not welcome anywhere else
This gave Rome surpus (overschot) of man name the positives things and the negative things about it
Posetive it aloud Rome to fight with
neighboring cities and expand roman ruled a large kpart from Italy
Negative there was not enough farmland for everyone
Who was in the north of Italy who nin the middle who in the south
The celts in north
Rome in middle
Chartage in south so roman and chartage felt already a fight coming up
When was the first Punic war
264 BC-241BC was fought over Sicily
Rome defeated chartage after 23 year chartage was able to recover they surprised the romans by leading an army into Italy but what terrified the romans
Hannibal allready won battles at lake trasimeno, and Cannea so they expected him to attack roman next that terrified rome
Hannibal was ordered to not take Rome it self now the Romans could recover and counterattack Hannibal was forced to leave Italy and return home to help in its defense eventually the roman army leaded by scipio defeated Hannibal at Zama and later ar chartage it self Rome allowed chartage to rebuild over time to the anger of somes a senator called Cato ended ever speech with and i also think we should destroy chartage. During the 3 Punic war he got his way how did the romans destroyed chartage
They put salt on their fields so nothing would ever grow there again chartage would never recover
the roman public kept conquering land and by 265 BC it controlled south Italy wich was mede up of Greek city-states with this power roman trade also grew to trade the romans needed access to the seaports but that would not be easy chartage who ruled Northern Africa Spain and Sicily they had a far stronger navy than the romans and were willing to fight over southern Italy and trade
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Niks anders!
After the Punic wars romans became a superpower in its region they quickly tried to take over from the defeated charhigenias they took control of southern parts from Italy where many Greek colonies were located and Rome also took chartage possession in Spain with al this expansion new wealth came to Rome then Rome started wars to conquer more rich lands like Greece why they started these new wars?
beautefal statues were brought to Rome as war booty proud generals displayed them in their homes wich made other romans jelease they wanted more trappings and wealth too and soon Rome started wars to conquer more rich lands
What happend after the conquest of Greece?
al things Greek became populair in Rome The elite even started to speak Greek instead of latin in public many prisoners of war were brought to rome some worked in homes of the rich as slaves ,pheraps teaching their children Greek others might have built a new theatre for the city the romans thought most things of the Greek culture were fantastic they incorporated Greek myths copied Greek archecture and wanted to have the same great epics as the Greek poet homer had writen
for the romans there was not always good news name a few things that was not really good for the romans
Military campaigns became longer because army’s travelled further away from Rome this meant that regular soldiers were away from there land so long that they missed their time to harvest sometimes they were away for more than one year wich caused problems: if no one worked the fields there was no income so all families could do was sell the land rich patricians would take advantage of this and buy up small farms over time they came to own al good land in Italy then they hired man to work for them cheaply or used slaves to work the fields than soldiers returned to their families and find out the land has been sold buying new land was too expensive even with the fortune they made on campaign this made common men angry and they called for land reform
Most of we know of celts comes from the book: de bello Gallico written by julis ceaser the famous roman general who conquered Gaul who were the celts?
famous warriors that lived throughout Europe the celts lived in families based on the man of a family so the father lived with his sons and brothers and their wives and children if they married the women left her family to live with her husband we remember the celts as warriors (krijgers) but they also had lively trade and big gatherings of Celtic tribes when they agreed on something and orgenised them selves they could be a match for the romans only after the battle at Alicia 52 bc when ceaser defeated vercingetorix the celts settled down
Troubles in the republic
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Pwp read it carefully and make sure you know everything
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The roman upper class the patricians held most of the power for a long time all consuls cam from these families and most centers too if you were not born into a family you could join though marriage or adoption the romans traded an adopted son the same as a blood related that was treu for al families roman families were lead by the head of the families the……?
The pater familias but a family did not stand alone they were linked to other families patrician families helped lower place families to get certain jobs or fevours in return they gave (political) support For instance to Ellet one of their patrons to become the new consul higher placed families would help their connections and lower placed families did what they could to support their patrons this was known as an patronage system a lot of roman politics were also family matters
Read Gaius maris
be strict
marius nephew Juli’s ceaser also became a famous general between 58 and 50 BC ceaser conquered Gaul and held three triumphs during the triumph he wore the costume of the king ceaser already been given special powers to stay in control of his legions when the senate asked him to give up his command he refused
To keep his power he fought a bloody war against fellow roman Pompey ceasar won and in 44 BC became a dicater for life the same year he was murderd by a man named Brutus who claimed too have saved the republic from a new king
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Ceaser left his belongings to his nephew Octavian with Marc Anthony he took revenge on Caesar’s killers after that Octavian choos to not become a king he had learned from ceasers dead but he had a cunning plan to take power he said he was happy to have just a few minor titles but put together they gave him great power he became the high priest of Jupiter (no one was allowed to hurt a priest) a peoples tribune he could veto any law he wished a consul he could command the army and the princes senates the first of the senate had the right to skirts in the senate
Octavian was also still just a senator another consul served next to him and others still had their powers so the senate was still as important a before and the republic remained intact Octavian was applauded for this and was renamed augustus in reality he was the most powerfully roman and ruled the empire he was in his words a ceasar we would call that an emperor and consider this a monarchy
Many people in the empire did not just imitate the romans they wanted to be roman citiezens this gave you many rights wich rights?
as roman you had better protection by law
You were alowed to own land in Italy
You could vote in assembly’s and could hold a political office
there where a few ways to join roman citizens
you could be adopted into a roman family marry a roman citizen or the daughter of a roman citizen in the last citizenship would start with you’re children many young man tried to become a roman by serving in the army for 25 years after wards you received a diploma two small certifications that were held together you would than have al the rights of a roman
During the roman conquest their cloture spread throughout the empire
wherever they went, roads temples bathhouses and aqueducts were built often local and roman culture mixed slowly the locals would become more like the romans this is called romenisation locals started wereing roman Chloe’s use roman buildings and combine their gold
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What were bread and games
food and entertainment
