PVMPH Flashcards
trend in milk consumption in the UK over last 10 years
reduced by 8.1% (yogurt increased by 20%)
relationships between consumption of dairy products and disease
increased risk of diabetes and prostate cancer
reduced risk of hypertension and breast cancer
average milk yield of a cow in the UK
7,500 Litres per cow per year
% of UK milk used as liquid and other products
50% liquid milk, 50% manufactured
is the sale of raw milk (not heat treated) legal in the UK
yes (but not in Scotland)
what pathogens can contaminate milk pre harvest
E coli, Campylobacter, Listeria, Salmonella and Yersinia enterocolitica
legal requirement for SCC of milk in UK
<400,000 SCC/ml
how is milk pasteurized and sterilized
Pasteurized: 72 degrees for 25 seconds or 63 degrees for 30 mins
Sterilized: UHT (Ultra high temp)2-5 seconds 135-150 degrees
what pathogen is associated with the highest cases of fatalitys in the UK
Salmonella (but listeria has higher % of fatalitys to cases)
highest fist food group for food-borne illness
poultry
is there a seasonal peak in campylobacter
yes, spring and summer peak(in both poultry and humans): unknown why, may be environmental
prevalence of salmonella in the poultry industry
laying flocks free, broilers 0.01% of flocks, turkeys 0.06%of flocks
testing and vaccination
what is a spillover host
infection is only sporadic and can only persist with external factors.
what hosts should you target your resources on?
maintenance host: controls spillover host
difference beteewen notifiable and reportable diseases
notifiable must notify if a clinical case suspected, reportable must report if a lab confirmed case.
local animal health team to report to
animal and plant health agency
vaccine that can be differentiated between vaccinated and infected
DIVA vaccine
Farm Assurance
Yearly vet visit to produce a herd health plan and conduct herd health planning
Herd lameness on average
25%
try and be 100% 0 and 1 0% 2-3
what should you do now?
text Phoebe and say HI :)
definition of incidence and Prevelence
Incidence: number of animals diseased over a period of time.
Prevelence: snapshot of disease at point in time
ideal mastitis incidence
30 cases/ 100 cows/ year
how much feed space does each cow need
60cm
what is the best indicator for welfare on a dairy farm
calf mortality : 0-14 yours and 1-42 days
