PVMPH Flashcards
trend in milk consumption in the UK over last 10 years
reduced by 8.1% (yogurt increased by 20%)
relationships between consumption of dairy products and disease
increased risk of diabetes and prostate cancer
reduced risk of hypertension and breast cancer
average milk yield of a cow in the UK
7,500 Litres per cow per year
% of UK milk used as liquid and other products
50% liquid milk, 50% manufactured
is the sale of raw milk (not heat treated) legal in the UK
yes (but not in Scotland)
what pathogens can contaminate milk pre harvest
E coli, Campylobacter, Listeria, Salmonella and Yersinia enterocolitica
legal requirement for SCC of milk in UK
<400,000 SCC/ml
how is milk pasteurized and sterilized
Pasteurized: 72 degrees for 25 seconds or 63 degrees for 30 mins
Sterilized: UHT (Ultra high temp)2-5 seconds 135-150 degrees
what pathogen is associated with the highest cases of fatalitys in the UK
Salmonella (but listeria has higher % of fatalitys to cases)
highest fist food group for food-borne illness
poultry
is there a seasonal peak in campylobacter
yes, spring and summer peak(in both poultry and humans): unknown why, may be environmental
prevalence of salmonella in the poultry industry
laying flocks free, broilers 0.01% of flocks, turkeys 0.06%of flocks
testing and vaccination
what is a spillover host
infection is only sporadic and can only persist with external factors.
what hosts should you target your resources on?
maintenance host: controls spillover host
difference beteewen notifiable and reportable diseases
notifiable must notify if a clinical case suspected, reportable must report if a lab confirmed case.
