DL

Question 1

what does a reduced urea, creatinine and cholesterol indicate

Answer 1

hepatic disease

Question 2

Test for portosystemic shunt

Answer 2

bile acid stimulation test

Ultrasound: small liver, large kidney and bladder crystals

Question 3

cause of cerebellar hyperplasia in calves and lambs

Answer 3

Calves: BVDV (in utero infection <180days)
Lambs: Blue tongue virus or boarder disease virus

Question 4

causes of cerebellar hypoplasia in kittens and V/D + reduced white cell counts in adult cats

Answer 4

Feline Parvovirus

Question 5

cause of ataxia, paralysis and recumbency. Lesions in spinal cord in a horse. How is it diagnosed

Answer 5

Equine Herpesvirus 1

PCR to detect virus in blood sample

Question 6

which pathogen causes feline infectious peritonitis

Answer 6

Feline Coronavirus: causes immune mediated complexes that get trapped in small blood vessels and cause vasculitis(WET FORM) or cell mediated against infected macrophages causing granulomatious DRY form in organs

Question 7

Cause of yellow exudation and hemorrhage on pigs brain, common clinical signs

Answer 7

Bacterial meningitis causes by Streptococcus Suis

Paddling, nystagmus, and seizuring before sudden death

Question 8

Cow with Behavioral changes, muzzle tremours, abnormal posture, tenesmus and excess salivation

Answer 8

Rabies : Nergi bodies

Question 9

tenesmus

Answer 9

straining to defecate but cannot

Question 10

Anisocoria

Answer 10

unequal pupil size

Question 11

Proptosis of the globe

Answer 11

eye moved forwards and trapped there by the eyelids

Question 12

blepharospasm

Answer 12

abnormal twitch of the eyelid

Question 13

appropritae treatment of a prolasped 3rd eyelid

Answer 13

surgical reposition with topical antibiotics and steroid to go home

Question 14

known causes of kertatoconjunctivitis sicca

Answer 14

Drug Toxcity, Trauma to lacrimal gland, removal of the 3rd eyelid, radiation therapy, immune-mediated

Question 15

tarsorrhaphy

Answer 15

eyelids sown together

Question 16

aqueous flare, miosis, conjunctival congestion, colour change to eye/iris are all suggestive of intraocular inflammation specifically anterior uveitis/iridocyclitis

Answer 16

are all suggestive of intraocular inflammation specifically anterior uveitis/iridocyclitis

Question 17

evidence of orbotal cellulitis

Answer 17

exophthalmos, strabismus, protrusion of the 3rd eyelid, mucopurulent ocular discharge

Question 18

main cause of red eye in a horse

Answer 18

corneal ulcers causing secondary anterior uvitits

Question 19

main causes of recurrent uveitis in a horse

Answer 19

immune-mediated: Leptosprosis or trauma (sparp=corneal ulcer or blunt= no corneal ulcer)
RARE: neoplasia and lens luxation

Question 20

leading cause of blindness in horses

Answer 20

equine recurrent Uvieitis causing secondary cataracts, glycoma, lens luxation or retinal detachment.

Question 21

possible causes of cataracts in a dog

Answer 21

Age, trauma, retinal detachment, anterior uveitis, heritable and diabetes mellitus

Question 22

alopecia, papules, erythema, and crust on dogs abdomen DDX?

Answer 22

Parasites: chytella, scabies, thrombicular, demodex
Microbial skin disease: staph or malassezia
hypersensitivity: FAD (usually dorsal) Atopic dermatitis

Question 23

top 6 causes of skin disease

Answer 23

Scabies, Staph, Malassezia, FAD, food hypersensitivity and atopic dermatitis

Question 24

common lesions sites for atopic dermatitis

Answer 24

Feet pads, ventrum, bum, ears, mouth,

Question 25

cause of erosions on the lips of a cat

Answer 25

Rodent ulcers (indolent ulcers): Allergic disease
treatment: allergen avoidence (flea/food), steroid or antibiotics

Question 26

DDX for pruritic skin disease in a horse

Answer 26

Paracites:lice, chorioptes(distal limbs), scabes, psoroptes(tail+head), harvest mites
Microbial: dermatophilosis, pyoderma, dermatophytosis
Hypersensitivity: culicoides, food, atopic dermatitis

Question 27

approach to pruritis

Answer 27

always rule out parasitic cause then microbial then move onto hypersensitivity

Question 28

main lesions of feline allergic skin disease

Answer 28

Miliary dermitits: focal crusts on dorsum
Indolent Ulcer: Lip
Eosinophilic Plaque: alopecia+ erosive ulcer on trunk/inguanal/thigh
Linear granuloma: same as plaque but linear

Question 29

main DDx for allergic skin disease in a cat

Answer 29

Flea, food atopic, cheyletiella, harvest mite, FB, dermatophytosis, neoplasia

Question 30

test for allergic skin disease

Answer 30

History, Parasites[Skin scrape, hair pluck, coat brush]

Cytology, culture(fungal/bacterial), Allergy[skin test food trial]

Question 31

most likly cause of severe head and neck puritis in a cat

Answer 31

Food Allergy!

Question 32

cause of coat discoloration in a calf

Answer 32

Copper deficiency

Question 33

cause of wool break (weak wool)

Answer 33

Stress, ruminal acidosis or disease

Question 34

most common cause of equine uticaria

Answer 34

drug or vaccine reaction

Question 35

parallel rows of cocci on histology

Answer 35

‘railroad’ dermatophilosis