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Pt Assess II Final > PV Lecture > Flashcards

PV Lecture Flashcards

1
Q

What are the arterial pulses of the upper extremity?

A

Brachial
Radial
Ulnar

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2
Q

What are the arterial pulses of the lower extremity?

A

Femoral
Popliteal
Posterior Tibial
Dorsalis pedis

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3
Q

Describe the lower extremity venous systems

A
  1. Superficial (great and small saphenous)

2. Deep (femoral and popliteal)

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4
Q

What are the main lymph nodes of the upper extremities and where are they located?

A
  • Epitrochlear (3 cm above medial epicondyle)

- Axillary (multiple here)

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5
Q

What are the main lymph nodes in the lower extremities and where are they located?

A
  • Horizontal superficial inguinal (proximal anterior thigh just below inguinal ligament)
  • Vertical superficial inguinal (upper part of saphenous vein)
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6
Q

What could an enlarged epitrochlear node indicate?

A

HIV

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7
Q

What are the symptoms of acute arterial PVD?

A

5 P’s:

  1. Pain (sudden)
  2. Pulselessness
  3. Pallor
  4. Paresthesias (numbness)
  5. Paralysis (sudden weakness)
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8
Q

What are the symptoms of chronic arterial PVD?

A
  • Intermittent claudication
  • Rest pain
  • Tissue loss (peripheral, cerebral, visceral)
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9
Q

What are the types of arterial circulatory compromise in PVD?

A
  • Acute (embolus)
  • Chronic (thrombosis)
  • Compression (positional)
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10
Q

What are the general characteristics that cause arterial PVD?

A
  • Arterial circulatory compromise
  • Bleeding (rupture of aneurysm or trauma)
  • Spasm (Raynauds)
  • Inflammation (arteritis)
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11
Q

Symptoms of PVD are always ___ to the site of obstruction

A

Distal

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12
Q

Aorto-iliac PVD results in ___ claudication

A

Gluteal

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13
Q

Femoral-popliteal PVD results in ____ claudication

A

Leg/calf

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14
Q

Axillary embolus results in ischemic changes in the ____

A

Forearm and hand

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15
Q

Brachial embolus results in ischemic changes in the ____

A

Fingers and hand

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16
Q

What are the main arterial causes of PVD?

A
  • Athero
  • DM
  • Vasospastic disorders (Raynauds)
  • Trauma
17
Q

How does venous PVD present?

A
  • Normal pulses
  • Brown patches on lower legs
  • Dependent edema
  • Irregular shaped painless ulcers on lower legs and ankles
  • Dependent cyanosis
  • Pain relieved with legs elevated
  • Normal nails
18
Q

What are the main venous causes of PVD?

A
  • DVT/PE
  • Varicosities
  • Venous stasis disease
19
Q

How are pulses graded?

A 
0 = absent
1+ = diminished
2+ = normal
3+ = increased
4+ = bounding
20
Q

When can bounding pulses occur?

A

Hyperthyroid
Fever
Exercise
Anxiety

21
Q

Which pulses of the head do we palpate?

A
  • Temporal

- Carotid

22
Q

How does orthostatic hypotension present?

A

From lying to sitting then standing

  • Decrease in SBP 10+ mmHg
  • Increase in HR 10+ bpm
23
Q

What conditions could a pulsus paradoxus indicate?

A
  • Cardiac tamponade
  • Pericarditis
  • COPD
  • Chronic sleep apnea
  • Croup
24
Q

What is the purpose of Allen’s test?

A
  • For patency of radial and ulnar arteries
  • Prior to A-line insertion
  • Prior to use of radial artery in CABG or cardiac cath
25
Q

What is Adson’s Maneuver?

A
  • Aka Wright’s test
  • Pain/numbness in arms from compression of subclavian artery
  • Indicates thoracic outlet syndrome
26
Q

How does doppler classify blood flow in lower extremities?

A

Biphasic = normal

Monophasic or absent = abnormal

27
Q

What is ABI?

A
  • Ankle Brachial Index
  • Measures SBP in brachial and compares with PT/DP in leg/foot using doppler
  • Normal is 1.0 - 1.2
28
Q

What are the classifications of ABI values from normal to PAD?

A

1.3+ = non compressible (DM and CKD)
1.0 to 1.2 = normal
Less than 0.9 = mild to moderate PAD
Less than 0.4 = severe PAD

29
Q

If the aorta is greater than ___ cm width, it may indicate ____

A

3+ cm

AAA

30
Q

Which arteries do we auscultate in the abdomen?

A

Aortic, renal, iliac

31
Q

What is the perforating venous system?

A

Connects superficial to deep

32
Q

Functions of venous system

A
  • Return O2 poor blood to heart
  • Storage (70% of blood volume)
  • Thermoregulation
  • Regulation of CO

Pt Assess II Final (17 decks)

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