Endocrine Lecture Flashcards
MC pituitary adenoma?
Prolactin or GH secreting (60%)
Female manifestations of prolactin secreting adenoma?
- Amenorrhea
- Galactorrhea
Male manifestations of prolactin secreting adenoma?
- Decreased libido
- Impotence
- High prolactin levels (breast development and lactation)
Main presentation of GH hypersecretory tumors?
Acromegaly
Adrenal cortex disorders:
Cushing’s and Addison’s
Adrenal medullary disorders:
Pheochromocytoma
S/S Cushing’s syndrome
- Buffalo hump, moon facies
- Truncal obesity
- Purple striae on trunk
- Facial hirsutism
S/S Addison’s disease
- Weakness/fatigue
- Hyperpigmentation
- Wt loss
- Dehydration
- Cold intolerance
S/S of pheochromocytoma
- Tachycardia
- Palpitations
- HA
- N/V
- Clammy skin
S/S hypoparathyroidism
- Tingling face, hands, feet
- Muscle cramps
- Abdominal pain
- Seizures
S/S hyperparathyroidism
- Muscle aches/pains
- N/V
- Constipation
- Excessive urination/thirst
- Thinning bone
Osteoporosis/osteomalacia is MC in what populations?
Post menopausal white and Chinese women
S/S Paget’s disease
- If skull affected: increased head size, decreased hearing
- Bending of bones
S/S Osteogenesis imperfecta
- Fragile bone structure
- Triangular shaped face
- Blue sclera
- Scoliosis
- Fractured teeth
What is diabetic ketoacidosis?
Hyperglycemic state resulting from severe insulin deficiency
Which condition is too much cortisol?
Cushing’s Syndrome
Which condition is not enough cortisol?
Addison’s Disease
How does acromegaly present when growth plates have already fused?
Increased hand and foot size
How does acromegaly present when growth plates have not fused yet?
Pituitary gigantism (8 feet or more)
How does a pituitary growth cause neural compression and what does it present as?
- Pituitary is located inferior to optic chiasm and can compress the fibers
- A growth causing neural compression will result in bitemporal hemianopsia (tunnel vision)
If rhinorrhea is watery and clear, what do you test for to confirm CSF?
Glucose
CSF rhinorrhea can occur with what condition?
Pituitary growth causing neural compression
What is prognathism and what is it a/w?
Prominent jaw
A/w acromegaly (GH secreting pituitary tumor)
How does thyroiditis present? Phases?
- Neck pain and fever
- Acute phase: s/s of HYPERthyroid with a tender thyroid
- Recovery phase: s/s of HYPOthyroid
What is a cold thyroid nodule?
- Nonfunctional
- Asymptomatic
What is a hot thyroid nodule?
- Functional
- Pt may show s/s
