Chapter 12 - PVD Flashcards
MC cause of peripheral arterial occlusive disease:
Atherosclerosis affecting medium-large sized vessels of the extremities
AAA usually occurs below ____
Renal arteries
AAA are MC in which population?
White males
Rule of 15 in diabetic patients =
15% of diabetics will develop a foot ulcer
15% of those ulcers will lead to osteomyelitis
15% of ulcers lead to amputation
Rule of 50 in diabetic patients =
50% of amputations are transfemoral/transtibial level
50% of pts have a 2nd amputation in 5 yrs or less
50% of pts die in 5 years or less
What is the principle symptom of atherosclerosis?
Pain
Define intermittent claudication
Pain in the lower extremity during exercise (relieved by rest)
Where is the site of pain in occlusive atherosclerosis?
Distal to the occlusion
Define venous claudication
Pain that occurs with DVT
What is the unique feature of venous claudication?
Motionless standing is often more difficult than walking
Define neurogenic claudication
- Common symptom of lumbar spinal stenosis
- Inflammation of the nerves
- Pain is often related to posture
Leriche’s syndrome and what does the patient present with?
- Chronic aortoiliac obstruction
- Intermittent claudication and ED
Define pseudoclaudication
- Bilat leg pain or numbness that occurs walking or at rest
- A/w musculoskeletal disease in lumbar area
How is skin affected in arterial insufficiency vs. venous insufficiency?
- Arterial = cool and pale extremity
- Venous = red and warm extremity
How do ulcers occur in arterial vs. venous disease?
- Arterial = d/t trauma to toes/heel, painful, “punched out”
- Venous = stasis ulceration = painless in the ankle/medial malleolus areas, “cobblestone”
