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family medicine EOR exam > pulmonology > Flashcards

pulmonology Flashcards

1
Q

tx influenza

A

zanamivir 10mg BID x 5 days if within first 24 hrs

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2
Q

fatigue, WL, fever, night sweats, productive cough. next step for dx?

A

three consecutive morning sputum specimens, light microscope to look for acid-fast bacilli on smear, chest xray to look for pulmonary opacities

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3
Q

TX TB for non-HIV pts

A

I, R, P, E for 2 months then I and R 2-3x/wk for 4 months

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4
Q

tx tb for HIV

A

treat with same but for at least 9 months and watch for drug resistance

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5
Q

what if drug resistant TB?

A

try streptomycin

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6
Q

tx latent TB

A

isoniazid for 9 mon, rifampin and pyrazinamide for 2 months,

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7
Q

monitoring labs in TB treatment

A

serum bilirubin and hepatic enzymes, urea nitrogen, CBC and creatinine, audiometry if steptomycin issued

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8
Q

shaking chills, high fever, pleuritic chest pain, cough with purulent rust colored sputum. CXR shows LLL infiltrate

A

pneumococcal pneumonia

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9
Q

injection drug use pneumonia organism

A

staph aureus

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10
Q

periodontal disease causitive organism

A

anaerobs

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11
Q

erythema nodosum

A

TB, chlamydia species

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12
Q

erythema multiforme organism

A

m pneumonia, histoplasma capsulated

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13
Q

bullous myringitis pneumonia

A

mycoplasma

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14
Q

aspiration pneumonia organism

A

aerobic and anaerobic streptococci, bacteroides, staph aureus

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15
Q

HIV pneumonia

A

pneumocystis jiroveci

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16
Q

contaminated water pneumonia

A

legionella

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17
Q

elderly, smokers pneumonia

A

h influenza

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18
Q

cystic fibrosis pneumonia

A

pseudomonoas

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19
Q

alcoholics/diabetics pneumonia

A

klebsiella, stap aureus and DRSP

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20
Q

children and young adults

A

mycoplasma and chlamydia

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21
Q

most common pneumonia

A

strep pneumo

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22
Q

exposure to bats or birds

A

histoplasma

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23
Q

viral pneumonia sxs

A

non productive cough, gradual onset and prodrome, wheezing, low grade temp, conjunctivities, HA/malaise

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24
Q

TX pneumocystis jiroveci

A

bactrim

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25
Q

tx CA pneumonia

A

azithro, clarythro, doxy–

axmoil if 6mo-5yo

26
Q

tx HA pneumonia

A

beta lactam plus macrolide plus quinolone IV

27
Q

peribornchial infiltrative densities

A

bronchopneumonia

28
Q

diffuse patchy densities in perihilar area

A

viral pneumonia

29
Q

most common neoplasm of lung?

A

metastisis! common from colon.

30
Q

most common neoplasm of lung?

A

metastasis! common from colon.

31
Q

paraneoplastic syndrome

A

endocrine–SIADH, hypercalcemia, cushings, hypoglycemia, hyperthyroid
hematologic–erythrocytosis, coagulopathy, thrombophlebitis
neuro–neuropathy etc…derm…fever

32
Q

pulm nodule benign features

A

central calcifications, stable over past 2 years, heavy calcium pattern

33
Q

spiculated nodule on CXR

A

adenocarcinoma

34
Q

cavity
histoplasmosis
satellite nodule

A

coccidiomycosis

35
Q

females/never smoker/peripherally located NSCC

A

adenocarcinoma

36
Q

hilar adenopathy, hemoptysis, centrally located

A

SCC

37
Q

rapid doubling time, central and peripheral masses

A

large cell carcinoma

38
Q

tumor of bronchial origin that typically begins centrally with hilar and mediastinal abnormalities

A

small cell carcionma

39
Q

triad for asthma

A

cough SOB and wheeze

40
Q

peak flow zone green

A

> 80%

41
Q

peak flow zone yellow

A

50-80%

42
Q

peak flow zone red

A

less than 50% GO TO ER

43
Q

peak flow zone red

A

less than 50% GO TO ER

44
Q

reduced PO@ and elevated pCO2

A

chronic bronchitis

45
Q

decreased P02 and normal or decreased PCO2

A

emphysema

46
Q

stage 1 COPD treatment

A

SABA prn

47
Q

stage 2 COPD tx

A

SABA prn plus SA or LA anticholinergic such as ipatropium bromide or tiotropium LA (spiriva), long activing beta 2 agonist, theophylline

48
Q

stage 3 or severe COPD tx

A

pulmonary rehab, corticosteroid such as beclomethasone puffs

49
Q

tx exacerbations

A

add anticholinergic if not on one already, IV solumedrol, oral corticosteroid, NIPPV with checking ABGs, abx only if patient has worsening cough/sxs, increased sputum or is immunocompromised

50
Q

O2 therapy requirements

A

paP2 less than 55%, SaO2 less than 88%

51
Q

insomnia treatment

A

sleep hygiene first. benzos, zolpidem, trazodone

52
Q

pathyphys of obstructive sleep apnea

A

loss of normal pharyngeal muscle tone allows pharynx to collapse during inspiration

53
Q

“bull neck”

A

OSA

54
Q

dx OSA

A

polysomnography

55
Q

tx OSA

A

weight loss, avoid alcohol/hypnotic meds, nasal CPAP at night. can do surgery if all else fails

56
Q

tetrad narcolepsy

A

brief sleep attacks during any activity, cataplexy (sudden loss of muscle tone), sleep paralysis (flaccidity of muscles with full conciousness between sleep and awake), ypnagogic hallucinations

57
Q

tx narcolepsy

A

dextroamphetamine sulfate stimulant, Modafinil

58
Q

enuresis tx

A

bell when pad wets, imipramine, desmopressin spray

59
Q

obstructive lung disease

A

airway narrowing, restrict air movement and cause air trapping.

60
Q

etiologies of obstructive lung disease

A

ABCT: asthma, bronchiectasis, CF or COPD, trachial or bronchial obstruction

61
Q

restrictive lung disease

A

loss of lung compliance, increased lung stiffness and decreased lung expansion.

62
Q

etiologies of restrictive lung diseases

A

AIN’T: alveolar (edema, hemorrhage, pus) Interstitial or inflammatory (sarcoid), Neuromuscular (myasthenia, myopathy, phrenic nerve palsy), Thoracic Wall (ascites, pregnancy, obesity, ankylosing spondylitis

family medicine EOR exam (14 decks)

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