Pulmonary Emergencies

Question 1

Normal FiO2 = ???

Answer 1

0.21

Question 2

O2 sat greater than ___% can harm

Answer 2

98

Question 3

Drugs that effect respiratory drive

Answer 3

Narcos
Benzos
Medical sedation

Question 4

COPD patients and divers can have what harmful biproduct accumulate

Answer 4

CO2

Question 5

What causes direct damage to respiratory drive?

Answer 5

Stroke

Question 6

Causes of upper airway obstruction

Answer 6

Foreign body
Debris
Loss of integrity
OSA
HAE and ACE-I
Epiglottitis

Question 7

Lower airway obstruction effecting the bronchi and bronchioles

Answer 7

Foreign body
Tumor
Mucus plug

Question 8

Lower airway obstruction effecting the parenchyma

Answer 8

COPD
Asthma and Edema
Infection
Silicosis
Irritants

Question 9

What’s the real goal in respiratory emergencies?

Answer 9

Keep the patient alive long enough to be someone else’s problem

Question 10

What is an important history question to ask?

Answer 10

Prior history of the same?

Question 11

Increased HR and RR

Decreased T and BP

Answer 11

CHF –> cold shock

Question 12

Increased HR/RR/T

Decreased BP

Answer 12

Sepsis –> warm shock

Question 13

Decreased HR, RR, BP

Answer 13

You have 10 seconds to act

Question 14

Increased HR, RR, BP

Answer 14

Flash pulmonary edema

Question 15

O2 Saturation measures what?

Answer 15

Absorption of red and IR light. It is the ratio of oxygenated and deoxygenated hemoglobin

Question 16

What is the number one environmental solution?

Answer 16

Scene safety

Question 17

Solution to dilute asphyxiant gases?

Answer 17

Use SCBA-FEMA-USAR team

Question 18

Solution to a COPD patient with oxygen toxicity?

Answer 18

Titrate FiO2 downard and prepare to intubate.

Question 19

Why no increased O2 in COPD?

Answer 19

Increased O2 will cause pulmonary vasculature to dilate and blood to shunt. The CO2 cannot be exhaled and the levels rise

Question 20

Upper airway emergency solution?

Answer 20

Secure connection to outside main stem trachea. Use H and P. NO LABS

Question 21

Lower airway emergency solutions if the tubes are affected?

Answer 21

Force down foreign body
Intubate bleeding tumor
Use suction, N-acetyle cysteine, or CPPT for a mucus plug

Question 22

Solutions for lower airway emergency involving the parenchyma

Answer 22

Diagnosis specific**
Asthma - heliox
CHF - intubate
Edema - intubate
COPD - steroids or intubation

Question 23

What must you do with a patient you suspect has a PE?

Answer 23

Risk factor profiling

Question 24

Diagnostic methods for PE?

Answer 24

CTA*

V/Q scan

Question 25

Cause of primary spontaneous pneumothorax

Answer 25

Aspiration

Question 26

Cause of secondary spontaneous pneumothorax

Answer 26

Lung disease such as COPD

Question 27

Tension pneumothorax diagnosis

Answer 27

Dyspnea, increased HR, decreased BP

Treachea deviated away

Question 28

Treating tension pneumothorax

Answer 28

Needle into chest

Question 29

When to perform circothyrotomy?

Answer 29

Pediatrics
Occluded upper airway
Loss of uper airway bony support
Failed ET insertion
-Perform B4 loss of vitals!!

Question 30

What is the solution to the given sources?

• Environment
• CNS
• Supraglottic
• Subglottic

Answers: push, supply, open, provide

Answer 30

Env –> provide
CNS –> supply
Supraglottic –> open
Subglottic –> push