Pulmonary Considerations for Pediatrics Flashcards
1
Q
Antibodies
A
- transplacentally derived antibodies gone by 3-4 months old
- after 3-4 months, increased risk of disease until they form own antibodies (by getting exposed to pathogens)
2
Q
O2 Consumption of Newborn
A
- 2x higher than adult
- 6-6.7 ml O2/Kg min
(3.5 adult)
3
Q
Children have decreased _____ which prevents infant from _____
A
- muscle strength
- stabilizing rib cage and using diaphragm efficiently
4
Q
Newborn HR
A
- 120 bpm average
- Range: 70-190 bpm
5
Q
Newborn BP
A
-SBP: 40-70
6
Q
Increased # of alveoli=
A
increased surface area for O2 diffusion
7
Q
Kids Ribcage
A
- circular and horizontal until sit/stand & gravity pull it down
- causes flat diaphragm and decreased efficiency of accessory Mm
8
Q
Kids’ small airways=______, which leads to ______
A
- greater airflow resistance
- increased work of breathing and increased risk of obstruction
9
Q
Pulmonary System Development
A
- begins @ 24-26 DAYS gestation
- alveoli still forming until age 8-10 YEARS
- Surfactant mature at 35 WEEKS gestation
10
Q
Surfactant is mature at ____
A
35 weeks gestation
11
Q
alveoli at birth
A
25 million
12
Q
alveoli as adult
A
300 million
13
Q
Surfactant
A
- enough to survive at 26-28 weeks gestation (but still sensitive)
- mature at 35 weeks gestation
14
Q
Infant Diaphragm Fibers
A
-25% are Type I
adults 50% Type I
15
Q
Neonate Respiratory Pattern
A
- irregular
- with apnea 5-10 sec
- True apnea= >20 sec
