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Cardio Pulm > Pulmonary Anatomy > Flashcards

Pulmonary Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

laryngopharynx

A

-opening of esophagus

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2
Q

nasopharynx

A

-above soft palate

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3
Q

visceral pleura

A
  • covers outer surface of lungs

- no sensory innervation

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4
Q

Lung Segments

Upper Lobe of L/R Lungs

A
  • Anterior
  • Apical
  • Posterior
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5
Q

Lobes of Lungs

A
  • Right: upper, middle, lower

- Left: upper, lingula, lower

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6
Q

Fissures

A
  • Right Lung: horizontal fissure, oblique fissure

- Left Lung: oblique fissure

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7
Q

Pectus Excavatum

A
  • funnel chest
  • depression of sternum
  • (can measure by pouring water into it)
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8
Q

Pectus Carinatum

A
  • pigeion breast

- prominent forward projection of sternum

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9
Q

Barrel chest

A
  • side to side diameter almost equal to front to back diameter
  • classic of emphysema
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10
Q

Oropharynx

A

-base of tongue

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11
Q

Most aspirations are into the ____ lung

A
  • Right

- primary bronchus on right is shorter, straighter and wider than left

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12
Q

Respiratory bronchioles

A

-beginning of gas exchange

17-19th generation

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13
Q

Alveolar Sac

A
  • major part of gas exchange
  • has surfactant

(23rd generation)

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14
Q

Terminal Bronchioles

A

-end of conducting airways

12-16th generation

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15
Q

Alveolar ducts

A

-gas exchange

19-22nd generation

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16
Q

Inhalation associated with:

A

trunk extension

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17
Q

Exhalation associated with:

A

trunk flexion

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18
Q

Surfactant

A

-keeps alveoli open

19
Q

Pleura

A
  • membranous serous sac around lungs
  • visceral and parietal layers
  • separated by thin serous fluid
20
Q

increased trunk flexion leads to

A

-decreased inhalation=closed alveoli–>decreased air movement–>increased pneumonia risk

21
Q

Sternocleidomastoid

A
  • CN XI

- elevate sternum during forced inspiration

22
Q

Parietal Pleura

A
  • covers inner surface of chest wall and part of diaphragm and mediastinum
  • subdivided based on area covered
23
Q

External Intercostals

A

-Ventral rami of T1-T12

24
Q

Internal Intercostals

A

-Ventral rami of T1-T12

25
Q

Serratus Anterior

A
  • Long thoracic nerve

- C5-7, C8

26
Q

7 Accessory Breathing Mm

A
  • SCM
  • Scalenes
  • Serratus Ant
  • Pec major
  • Pec minor
  • trapezius
  • erector spinae
27
Q

Scalenes

A
  • elevate ribs

- C3-C5

28
Q

Pectoralis Minor

A
  • Med pectoral N
  • Elevate ribs with deep inspiration

-C6-8

29
Q

Lung Segments

Lower Lobe of Left Lung

A
  • Anterior
  • Superior
  • Lateral
  • Posterior
30
Q

Lung Segments

Lower Lobe of Right Lung

A
  • Basal
  • Superior
  • Lateral
  • Posterior
  • Medial
31
Q

Lung Sements

Middle Lobe of Right Lung

A
  • Medial

- Lateral

32
Q

Trapezius

A
  • CN XI
  • ventral rami of C2-4
  • Stabilize scap to let serratus ant and pec minor elevate ribs
33
Q

Pectoralis Major

A
  • Med and Lat pectoral Nn
  • Draws ribs toward arms to increase volume

-C5-C8

34
Q

Erector Spinae

A

-Deep inspiration, extends spine to elevate ribs

Dorsal rami of T1-S3

35
Q

Upper Airway

A
  • Nose
  • Pharynx
  • Larynx
36
Q

Lower Airway

A
  • Trachea
  • Bronchi
  • Bronchioles
  • Terminal Bronchioles
  • Respiratory Bronchioles
  • Alveolar Ducts
  • Alveolar Sacs
37
Q

Diaphragm

A
  • Phrenic Nerve

- C3-5

38
Q

Lung volume in supine

A

decreased due to shift of abdominal contents

39
Q

Referred Pain:

Mediastinal and Central Diaphragmatic Pleura

A

-pn in lower neck and shoulder

40
Q

4 Functions of Lungs

A
  • Exchange O2 and CO2
  • Help maintain acid-base balance
  • Contribute to temperature homeostasis
  • Filter & Metabolize Toxic Substances
41
Q

Rererred Pain:

Costal and Peripheral Pleura

A

-pain in thoracic and abdominal areas

42
Q

subdivisions of parietal pleurs

A
  • costovertebral
  • diaphragmatic
  • cervical
  • mediastinal
43
Q

Nn of Pleura

A
  • Intercostal Nn=costal and peripheral diaphragmatic pleura

- Phrenic N: central diaphragmatic & mediastinal pleura

44
Q

Larynx

A
  • cartilage

- keep foods, liquids and foreign objects from airway

Cardio Pulm (27 decks)

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